Kent State University, Department of Psychology, Kent, OH 44224, United States.
Body Image. 2010 Mar;7(2):124-30. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
This research used ecological momentary assessment to examine the effects of exercise on state body dissatisfaction and affect in 33 undergraduate females with high trait body dissatisfaction and 28 with low trait body dissatisfaction who exercised at least three times weekly. Trait body dissatisfaction was investigated as a moderator of the effects of exercise as well as different motivations for exercise. Results indicated all participants experienced lower state body dissatisfaction and negative affect and greater positive affect post-exercise. Trait body dissatisfaction moderated the association between motivations and exercise effects. Appearance and weight motivations were related to higher state body dissatisfaction for all individuals. Fitness and health motivations were related to higher state body dissatisfaction for high trait body dissatisfied individuals and lower state body dissatisfaction for low trait body dissatisfied individuals. Thus, although exercise has positive effects on body dissatisfaction and affect for high frequency exercisers, their exercise motivations impact these effects.
本研究采用生态瞬时评估法，考察了运动对 33 名高特质身体不满的本科女性和 28 名低特质身体不满的每周至少运动三次的女性的状态身体不满和情绪的影响。特质身体不满被视为运动效果的一个调节因素，以及不同运动动机的调节因素。结果表明，所有参与者在运动后都经历了较低的状态身体不满和负面情绪，以及更高的正面情绪。特质身体不满调节了动机和运动效果之间的关系。对于所有个体，外貌和体重动机与更高的状态身体不满有关。对于高特质身体不满的个体，健身和健康动机与更高的状态身体不满有关，而对于低特质身体不满的个体，与更低的状态身体不满有关。因此，尽管运动对身体不满和情绪有积极影响，但对于高频率运动者来说，他们的运动动机影响着这些影响。
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