School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, and the WAIMR Centre for Food and Genomic Medicine, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jun;34(6):1086-94. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.26. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
Lupin kernel flour (LKF) is a novel food ingredient that is high in protein and fibre. We have previously shown that partial substitution of refined wheat-derived carbohydrate in bread with protein and fibre from LKF can reduce appetite and energy intake acutely. In addition, several studies have suggested that lupin may reduce cholesterol concentrations and benefit glucose and insulin metabolism.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on body weight and composition and blood lipids, glucose and insulin of an ad libitum LKF-enriched diet higher in dietary protein and fibre.
A total of 88 overweight and obese men and women were recruited for a 16-week parallel-design randomized controlled trial. Participants replaced 15-20% of their usual daily energy intake with white bread (control) or LKF-enriched bread (lupin) in an ad libitum diet. Measurements of body weight and composition, and fasting blood biochemical measurements were performed at baseline and 16 weeks. The primary analysis included 74 participants (37 per group) who completed the intervention.
At baseline, mean (+/-s.d.) body mass index and total cholesterol were 30.6+/-3.5 kg m(-2) and 5.37+/-0.94 mmol l(-1), respectively. Estimated (mean between-group difference (95% confidence interval)) protein (13.7 (2.28, 25.0) g per day) and fibre (12.5 (8.79, 16.2) g per day) intakes were higher during the intervention with lupin than with control. For lupin relative to control, the net effects on body weight (-0.4 (-1.3, 0.6) kg), fat mass (-0.5 (-1.1, 0.2) kg) and percentage (-0.5 (-1.1, 0.1)%), plasma leptin (-1.66 (-4.91, 1.59) ng ml(-1)) and adiponectin (0.20 (-0.73, 1.13) mg l(-1), as well as serum total cholesterol (-0.08 (-0.38, 0.22) mmol l(-1)), triglycerides (0.09 (-0.10, 0.21) mmol l(-1)), glucose (0.10 (-0.11, 0.30) mmol l(-1)) and insulin (0.40 (-1.20, 2.00) mU l(-1)) were not significant.
This study does not support the proposal that an ad libitum diet enriched in LKF resulting in moderate changes in both protein and fibre intakes can benefit body weight and composition or fasting blood lipids, glucose and insulin concentrations in overweight men and women with mildly elevated total cholesterol concentrations.
羽扇豆仁粉（LKF）是一种新型食品成分，富含蛋白质和纤维。我们之前的研究表明，用 LKF 中的蛋白质和纤维替代面包中精制小麦衍生碳水化合物的部分，可以在短期内降低食欲和能量摄入。此外，几项研究表明羽扇豆可能降低胆固醇浓度，并有益于葡萄糖和胰岛素代谢。
本研究旨在探讨富含蛋白质和纤维的羽扇豆仁粉饮食对体重和组成以及血脂、血糖和胰岛素的影响。
共招募 88 名超重和肥胖的男性和女性参加一项为期 16 周的平行设计随机对照试验。参与者在自由饮食中用白面包（对照）或富含羽扇豆仁粉的面包（羽扇豆）替代其日常能量摄入的 15-20%。在基线和 16 周时进行体重和组成以及空腹血液生化测量。主要分析包括完成干预的 74 名参与者（每组 37 名）。
在基线时，平均（+/-标准差）体重指数和总胆固醇分别为 30.6+/-3.5kg/m2 和 5.37+/-0.94mmol/l。干预期间，羽扇豆组的蛋白质（每天 13.7（2.28，25.0）g）和纤维（每天 12.5（8.79，16.2）g）摄入量估计（组间差异的平均值（95%置信区间））更高。与对照组相比，羽扇豆组的体重（-0.4（-1.3，0.6）kg）、脂肪量（-0.5（-1.1，0.2）kg）和百分比（-0.5（-1.1，0.1）%）、血浆瘦素（-1.66（-4.91，1.59）ng/ml）和脂联素（0.20（-0.73，1.13）mg/l）以及血清总胆固醇（-0.08（-0.38，0.22）mmol/l）、甘油三酯（0.09（-0.10，0.21）mmol/l）、血糖（0.10（-0.11，0.30）mmol/l）和胰岛素（0.40（-1.20，2.00）mU/l）的净效应无统计学意义。
本研究不支持羽扇豆仁粉自由饮食能导致蛋白质和纤维摄入量适度增加，从而有益于超重和肥胖、总胆固醇水平轻度升高的男性和女性的体重和组成或空腹血脂、血糖和胰岛素浓度的假设。
