视障老年人关系中的亲属关系程度及其与互惠和交换的关联。
The degree of kinship and its association with reciprocity and exchange in the relationships of visually impaired older adults.
作者信息
Flaig Katherina N-L, Mock Steven E, Reinhardt Joann P
机构信息
Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Eur J Ageing. 2009 Sep 1;5(3):215-222. doi: 10.1007/s10433-008-0085-5.
This study draws on an evolutionary model of exchange in relationships to examine the nature of perceived reciprocity in the context of kin and non-kin relationships among a sample of visually impaired older adults (age 63-99). Further, we examined the direct and moderating impact of functional impairment and adaptation to visual impairment on the nature of perceived reciprocity. Results showed that the greater the degree of genetic relatedness the more imbalanced the exchange. It was also found that degree of adaptation to visual impairment moderated the association between genetic relatedness and perceived exchange, such that the greater the degree of genetic relatedness the more people reported they gave rather than received except at very low levels of adaptation, when people received more than they gave the greater the degree of genetic relatedness. Thus, an evolutionary model was supported such that imbalanced exchange was found more with greater degrees of genetic relatedness, but the direction of exchange was different for high versus low levels of adaptation to vision impairment.
本研究借鉴了关系交换的进化模型，以考察一组视力受损的老年人（年龄在63岁至99岁之间）在亲属和非亲属关系背景下感知到的互惠性质。此外，我们还研究了功能障碍和对视力障碍的适应对感知到的互惠性质的直接和调节作用。结果表明，遗传相关性越高，交换就越不平衡。研究还发现，对视力障碍的适应程度调节了遗传相关性与感知到的交换之间的关联，即遗传相关性越高，人们报告的给予而非接受的情况就越多，但在适应程度非常低的情况下除外，此时遗传相关性越高，人们接受的多于给予的情况就越明显。因此，一个进化模型得到了支持，即遗传相关性越高，交换不平衡的情况越常见，但对于视力障碍适应程度高和低的情况，交换的方向有所不同。
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