Kasumovic Michael M, Elias Damian O, Punzalan David, Mason Andrew C, Andrade Maydianne C B
Integrative Behaviour and Neuroscience Group, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON, Canada.
Anim Behav. 2009 Jun;77(6):1533-1538. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.02.026.
In the field, phenotypic determinants of competitive success are not always absolute. For example, contest experience may alter future competitive performance. As future contests are not determined solely on phenotypic attributes, prior experience could also potentially alter phenotype-fitness associations. In this study, we examined the influence of single and multiple experiences on contest outcomes in the jumping spider Phidippus clarus. We also examined whether phenotype-fitness associations altered as individuals gained more experience. Using both size-matched contests and a tournament design, we found that both winning and losing experience affected future contest success; males with prior winning experience were more likely to win subsequent contests. Although experience was a significant determinant of success in future contests, male weight was approximately 1.3 times more important than experience in predicting contest outcomes. Despite the importance of experience in determining contest outcomes, patterns of selection did not change between rounds. Overall, our results show that experience can be an important determinant in contest outcomes, even in short-lived invertebrates, and that experience alone is unlikely to alter phenotype-fitness associations.
在野外，竞争成功的表型决定因素并非总是绝对的。例如，争斗经验可能会改变未来的竞争表现。由于未来的争斗并非仅由表型属性决定，先前的经验也可能会改变表型与适合度之间的关联。在本研究中，我们考察了单次和多次经验对跳蛛（Phidippus clarus）争斗结果的影响。我们还研究了随着个体获得更多经验，表型与适合度之间的关联是否会发生变化。通过使用体型匹配的争斗和锦标赛设计，我们发现获胜和失败的经验都会影响未来争斗的成功；有先前获胜经验的雄性更有可能赢得后续争斗。尽管经验是未来争斗成功的一个重要决定因素，但在预测争斗结果时，雄性体重的重要性约为经验的1.3倍。尽管经验在决定争斗结果方面很重要，但各轮之间的选择模式并未改变。总体而言，我们的结果表明，经验可能是争斗结果的一个重要决定因素，即使在寿命较短的无脊椎动物中也是如此，而且仅靠经验不太可能改变表型与适合度之间的关联。
