McKinnish Terra, Walsh Randall, White T Kirk
University of Colorado.
J Urban Econ. 2010 Mar 1;67(2):180-193. doi: 10.1016/j.jue.2009.08.003.
This paper uses confidential Census data, specifically the 1990 and 2000 Census Long Form data, to study demographic processes in neighborhoods that gentrified during the 1990's. In contrast to previous studies, the analysis is conducted at the more refined census-tract level, with a narrower definition of gentrification and more closely matched comparison neighborhoods. Furthermore, our access to individual-level data with census tract identifiers allows us to separately identify recent in-migrants and long-term residents. Our results indicate that, on average, the demographic flows associated with the gentrification of urban neighborhoods during the 1990's are not consistent with displacement and harm to minority households. In fact, taken as a whole, our results suggest that gentrification of predominantly black neighborhoods creates neighborhoods that are attractive to middle-class black households.
本文使用机密的人口普查数据，特别是1990年和2000年的人口普查长表数据，来研究20世纪90年代经历绅士化的社区的人口变化过程。与以往的研究不同，本分析是在更精细的普查区层面进行的，对绅士化的定义更窄，且比较社区的匹配度更高。此外，我们能够获取带有普查区标识符的个人层面数据，这使我们能够分别识别近期迁入者和长期居民。我们的结果表明，平均而言，20世纪90年代城市社区绅士化相关的人口流动与对少数族裔家庭的驱逐和伤害并不一致。事实上，总体而言，我们的结果表明，以黑人为主的社区的绅士化创造出了对中产阶级黑人家庭有吸引力的社区。
