Usman H, Musa Y M, Ahmadu A A, Tijjani M A
Department of Chemistry, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2007 Jun 10;4(4):488-94.
The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the whole plant extract (ethanolic-CEE) of Chrozophora senegalensis and its fractions (ethyl acetate-EAA, n-butanol-NBE, aqueous-AQE) were assayed using the agar plate diffusion and nutrient broth dilution methods. Test microorganisms were Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8326 B76), Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 021001). Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Salmonella typhi--laboratory isolates. CEE, EAA and NBE inhibited all the test bacterial organisms and a fungus--Aspergillus flavus. AQE inhibited only Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis. None of the extracts had activity on other 3 fungal organisms tested. CEE and EAA showed minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 0.390 and 3.125 mg/ml against S. typhi and E. coli, while NBE and AQE had MIC of 3.125 and 1.563 mg/ml against S. typhi respectively. NBE had an MIC of 12.500 mg/ml against E. coli. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CEE and EAA was found to be <0.098 against S. typhi. The MBC of AQE was 12.5 mg/ml against E. coli and S. aureus, and 6.25 mg/ml towards P. aeruginosa. CEE and EAA exhibited similar antibacterial activities, followed by AQE. The extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, saponins, sterols determined by utilizing standard methods of analysis. This study has justified the traditional use of the plant for treating diarrhea, boils and syphilis.
采用琼脂平板扩散法和营养肉汤稀释法，测定了塞内加尔地锦全株提取物（乙醇提取物 - CEE）及其馏分（乙酸乙酯提取物 - EAA、正丁醇提取物 - NBE、水提取物 - AQE）的体外抗菌活性。测试微生物包括枯草芽孢杆菌（NCTC 8326 B76）、大肠杆菌（ATCC 11775）、铜绿假单胞菌（ATCC 10145）、金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 021001）、黄曲霉、黑曲霉、白色念珠菌和伤寒沙门氏菌（实验室分离株）。CEE、EAA和NBE对所有测试细菌和一种真菌——黄曲霉均有抑制作用。AQE仅对伤寒沙门氏菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有抑制作用。所有提取物对其他3种测试真菌均无活性。CEE和EAA对伤寒沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为0.390和3.125 mg/ml，而NBE和AQE对伤寒沙门氏菌的MIC分别为3.125和1.563 mg/ml。NBE对大肠杆菌的MIC为12.500 mg/ml。发现CEE和EAA对伤寒沙门氏菌的最低杀菌浓度（MBC）<0.098。AQE对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC为12.5 mg/ml，对铜绿假单胞菌的MBC为6.25 mg/ml。CEE和EAA表现出相似的抗菌活性，其次是AQE。通过标准分析方法确定，提取物中含有碳水化合物、单宁、皂苷、甾醇。本研究证明了该植物在治疗腹泻、疖子和梅毒方面的传统用途。
