Jensen P S, Richters J, Ussery T, Bloedau L, Davis H
Child and Adolescent Disorders Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Maryland 20857.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1991 Mar;30(2):303-9. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199103000-00021.
Patterns of exposure to distinct types of life stressors were compared between 134 children attending a military child psychiatric clinic and a matched military community control sample. Compared with the community sample, clinic-referred children had experienced significantly higher levels of normative stressful events as well as events confounded with their own adjustment and events related to parental psychosocial functioning. Differences in levels of normative stressful events were no longer significant, however, when controlling for events related to parental functioning. Ratings of stressful events during the past year significantly underestimated the lifetime stress exposure differences between clinic and community control children. Although normative stressful events, parent-related events, and parent symptomatology ratings were significantly related to child behavior problem ratings, normative stressful events did not contribute to predictions of child behavior problems beyond the variance attributable to parent-related events and parent symptomatology. Implications of these findings for life stress and child maladjustment research are discussed.
对134名就诊于军事儿童精神科诊所的儿童和与之匹配的军事社区对照样本，比较了他们暴露于不同类型生活应激源的模式。与社区样本相比，转诊至诊所的儿童经历的正常应激事件水平显著更高，以及与自身适应混淆的事件和与父母心理社会功能相关的事件。然而，在控制与父母功能相关的事件后，正常应激事件水平的差异不再显著。过去一年应激事件的评分显著低估了诊所儿童和社区对照儿童在一生应激暴露方面的差异。虽然正常应激事件、与父母相关的事件以及父母症状评分与儿童行为问题评分显著相关，但正常应激事件除了可归因于与父母相关的事件和父母症状的方差外，对儿童行为问题的预测并无贡献。讨论了这些发现对生活应激和儿童适应不良研究的意义。
