Environmental Health Sciences MMC 807, School of Public Health University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Mar 15;44(6):2004-10. doi: 10.1021/es903191u.
Thirty-four years of data from the Great Lakes Fish Monitoring Program (GLFMP) show significant changes in the behavior of most contaminants in lake trout over time consistent with changes in contaminant inputs following regulation and remediation. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) show positive apparent first-order rate constants falling to near zero. Dieldrin shows relatively unchanging half-lives of around 10 years except in Lake Superior (approximately 25 years). Mirex, consistently detected only in Lake Ontario fish, shows a slow decrease until the 1990s, when remediation of a source site occurred, after which half-lives are 2-3 years. Half-lives of oxychlordane, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane (DDT) and its metabolites were typically 3-6 years until the mid 1980s; since then, the newest data confirm half-lives are usually around 15-30 years. For PCBs, an increasing half-life is found in other media as well. Changes in food web structure, fishery dynamics, and climate undoubtedly affect concentrations but cannot explain observed long-term trends across several media. Concentrations of legacy contaminants in the Great Lakes are likely to continue to decline only slowly and pose a health concern for decades without identifying and containing remaining sources.
三十四年的大湖鱼类监测计划（GLFMP）数据表明，随着污染控制和治理的进行，湖鳟鱼体内大多数污染物的行为发生了显著变化，与污染物输入的变化一致。多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）呈现出正的表观一级速率常数，逐渐降至接近零。除苏必利尔湖（约 25 年）外，狄氏剂的半衰期相对稳定，约为 10 年。灭蚁灵在安大略湖鱼类中一直被检测到，其含量缓慢下降，直到 20 世纪 90 年代发生来源地治理时，半衰期为 2-3 年。氯丹、多氯联苯（PCBs）和滴滴涕及其代谢物的半衰期通常为 3-6 年，直到 20 世纪 80 年代中期；此后，最新数据证实半衰期通常约为 15-30 年。对于 PCBs，在其他介质中也发现了半衰期的增加。食物网结构、渔业动态和气候变化的变化无疑会影响浓度，但不能解释在几个介质中观察到的长期趋势。如果不识别和控制剩余的污染源，大湖地区的遗留污染物浓度可能只会缓慢下降，并在几十年内对健康构成威胁。
