温度和食物链长度对营养丰富度和生态系统功能的相互作用影响。

The interacting effects of temperature and food chain length on trophic abundance and ecosystem function.

Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.

J Anim Ecol. 2010 May;79(3):693-700. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01662.x. Epub 2010 Feb 15.

Abstract

While much is known about the independent effects of trophic structure and temperature on density and ecosystem processes, less is known about the interaction(s) between the two. 2. We manipulated the temperature of laboratory-based bacteria-protist communities that contained communities with one, two, or three trophic levels, and recorded species' densities and bacterial decomposition. 3. Temperature, food chain length and their interaction produced significant responses in microbial density and bacterial decomposition. Prey and resource density expressed different patterns of temperature dependency during different phases of population dynamics. The addition of a predator altered the temperature-density relationship of prey, from a unimodal trend to a negative one. Bacterial decomposition was greatest in the presence of consumers at higher temperatures. 4. These results are qualitatively consistent with a recent model of direct and indirect temperature effects on resource-consumer population dynamics. Results highlight and reinforce the importance of indirect effects of temperature mediated through trophic interactions. Understanding and predicting the consequences of environmental change will require that indirect effects, trophic structure, and individual species' tolerances be incorporated into theory and models.

摘要

虽然人们对营养结构和温度对密度和生态系统过程的独立影响了解很多，但对这两者之间的相互作用知之甚少。
我们对包含一个、两个或三个营养级的实验室细菌-原生动物群落的温度进行了操纵，并记录了物种密度和细菌分解。
温度、食物链长度及其相互作用对微生物密度和细菌分解产生了显著影响。在种群动态的不同阶段，猎物和资源密度表现出不同的温度依赖性模式。捕食者的加入改变了猎物的温度-密度关系，从单峰趋势变为负相关。在消费者存在的情况下，细菌分解在较高温度下最大。
这些结果与最近关于直接和间接温度对资源-消费者种群动态影响的模型定性一致。结果强调并加强了通过营养相互作用介导的温度间接影响的重要性。理解和预测环境变化的后果将需要将间接影响、营养结构和单个物种的耐受性纳入理论和模型。