Boojar Masoud Mashhadi Akbar, Goodarzi Faranak
Department of Biology, University of Tarbiat Moalem, No. 49, Dr. Mofateh Avenue, Tehran, P.O. Box 15614, Iran.
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2009 Apr;13(1):43-52. doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.50724.
The aim of this study was the follow-up of work place enzyme and detergent dust exposure effects and smoking habit on DNA damage parameters of workers and the evaluation of their antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation with regard to bag-filter installation in the work place.
All investigated parameters were studied in a group of 153 workers of enzyme-free detergent production plant (E-free) and a group of 138 workers of enzyme-plus detergent plant (E-plus) and compared with 45 controls 7.2 years before and 3.1 years after filter system installation. The following methods were used: antioxidant enzymes by an ultraviolet-visibles spectrophotometer, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine (8OH-2'dG) by high-performance liquid chromatography, trace elements by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and comet assay by single cell gel electrophoresis.
Compared with controls, significant increases were observed in both detergent-exposed groups with respect to the levels of MDA, antioxidant enzyme activities, and DNA damage parameters, including 8OH-2'dG, endonuclease III-sensitive sites, and DNA strand breaks, with enhancement effect of smoking before filter system installation. After filter installation, besides significant decrease in the detergent and enzyme dust of airborne and oxidative stress indicators, there was improvement in all DNA damage investigated parameters at the end of this study. The levels of cumulative exposure index of detergent dusts decreased significantly after airborne improvement and showed positive correlation with internal biochemical parameters.
We concluded that high levels of enzyme and detergent contents of work place dusts had a cumulative effect and smoking had a synergistic effect on the imbalance of antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation, suggesting that oxidation stress is important in the occurrence and progression of DNA damage over this study. Detergent and enzyme contents in respirable and total dust had the main role and sufficient potential in their genotoxicity.
本研究的目的是跟踪工作场所酶和洗涤剂粉尘暴露以及吸烟习惯对工人DNA损伤参数的影响，并评估在工作场所安装袋式过滤器后工人的抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化情况。
在一组153名无酶洗涤剂生产厂（无E组）工人和一组138名含酶洗涤剂厂（含E组）工人中研究所有调查参数，并与45名对照组人员在过滤系统安装前7.2年和安装后3.1年进行比较。采用以下方法：用紫外可见分光光度计检测抗氧化酶，用高效液相色谱法检测丙二醛（MDA）、8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8OH-2'dG），用原子吸收光谱法检测微量元素，用单细胞凝胶电泳法进行彗星试验。
与对照组相比，两个洗涤剂暴露组的MDA水平、抗氧化酶活性和DNA损伤参数（包括8OH-2'dG、内切酶III敏感位点和DNA链断裂）均显著升高，在过滤系统安装前吸烟有增强作用。安装过滤器后，除空气中洗涤剂和酶粉尘以及氧化应激指标显著降低外，在本研究结束时所有调查的DNA损伤参数均有所改善。空气中污染物改善后，洗涤剂粉尘的累积暴露指数水平显著降低，并与内部生化参数呈正相关。
我们得出结论，工作场所粉尘中高水平的酶和洗涤剂成分具有累积效应，吸烟对抗氧化状态失衡和脂质过氧化具有协同作用，表明氧化应激在本研究中DNA损伤的发生和发展中起重要作用。可吸入粉尘和总粉尘中的洗涤剂和酶成分在其遗传毒性方面起主要作用且具有足够潜力。
