Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Ital J Pediatr. 2010 Feb 18;36:19. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-36-19.
Doping with endocrine drugs is quite prevalent in amateur and professional athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has a list of banned drugs for athletes who compete and a strategy to detect such drugs. Some are relatively easy, anabolic steroids and erythropoietin, and others more difficult, human growth hormone (rhGH) and insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I). The use of such compounds is likely less in adolescent athletes, but the detection that much more difficult given that the baseline secretion of the endogenous hormone is shifting during pubertal development with the greatest rise in testosterone in boys occurring about the time of peak height velocity and maximal secretion of hGH and IGF-I. This review notes the rationale, physiology, performance enhancement, adverse events and the detection of doping with insulin, rhGH, rhIGF-I, erythropoietin, and anabolic-androgenic steroids.
兴奋剂在业余和职业运动员中很常见。世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）有一份禁止运动员使用的禁用药物清单和检测此类药物的策略。一些药物相对容易检测，如合成代谢类固醇和促红细胞生成素，而其他药物则更难检测，如人类生长激素（rhGH）和胰岛素样生长因子 I（IGF-I）。在青少年运动员中，此类化合物的使用可能较少，但由于内源性激素的基础分泌在青春期发育过程中发生变化，检测起来更加困难，男孩的睾丸激素分泌高峰出现在身高增长最快和 hGH 和 IGF-I 最大分泌的时候。这篇综述介绍了胰岛素、rhGH、rhIGF-I、促红细胞生成素和合成代谢雄激素类固醇兴奋剂的原理、生理学、性能提升、不良反应和检测。
