Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Montilivi Campus s/n 17071, Girona, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2010 May;91(5):1193-201. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.01.009. Epub 2010 Feb 18.
Besides the evaluation of the environmental issues, the correct assessment of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) should take into account several objectives such as: economic e.g. operation costs; technical e.g. risk of suffering microbiology-related TSS separation problems; or legal e.g. accomplishment with the effluent standards in terms of the different pollution loads. For this reason, the main objective of this paper is to show the benefits of complementing the environmental assessment carried out by life cycle assessment with economical, technical and legal criteria. Using a preliminary version of the BSM2 as a case study, different combinations of controllers are implemented, simulated and evaluated. In the following step, the resulting multi-criteria matrix is mined using multivariate statistical techniques. The results showed that the presence of an external carbon source addition, the type of aeration system and the TSS controller are the key elements creating the differences amongst the alternatives. Also, it was possible to characterize the different control strategies according to a set of aggregated criteria. Additionally, the existing synergies amongst different objectives and their consequent trade-offs were identified. Finally, it was discovered that from the initial extensive list of evaluation criteria, only a small set of five are really discriminant, being useful to differentiate within the generated alternatives.
除了环境问题的评估外，正确评估污水处理厂（WWTP）还应考虑多个目标，例如：经济方面，例如运营成本；技术方面，例如遭受与微生物相关的 TSS 分离问题的风险；或法律方面，例如在不同污染负荷方面达到排放标准。出于这个原因，本文的主要目的是展示通过生命周期评估与经济、技术和法律标准相结合来补充环境评估的好处。使用 BSM2 的初步版本作为案例研究，实施、模拟和评估了不同的控制器组合。在下一步中，使用多元统计技术挖掘由此产生的多标准矩阵。结果表明，存在外加碳源添加、曝气系统类型和 TSS 控制器是造成替代方案之间差异的关键因素。此外，还可以根据一组综合标准对不同的控制策略进行特征描述。此外，还确定了不同目标之间的协同作用及其相应的权衡。最后，发现在最初广泛的评估标准列表中，只有一小部分的五个标准是真正具有区别性的，对于在生成的替代方案中进行区分非常有用。
