Arewa O P, Akinola N O, Salawu L
Department of Haematology and Immunology, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2009 Jun;38(2):143-8.
The immuno-haematological safety of blood remains an important and recurring issue in blood transfusion practice. Data concerning morbidity and mortality from blood transfusion is sparse in Nigeria however and while the current efforts at reduction in the incidence of adverse consequence of blood transfusion is encapsulated in the concept of Haemovigilance, the Nigerian blood transfusion service is yet to institute the practice. A prospective study of 462 transfusions at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital was done to evaluate the incidence and pattern of transfusion reactions in the hospital. The overall incidence of transfusion reactions is 8.7% (40 cases), with febrile nonhaemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR) constituting 65% of these. The incidence of adverse reaction is significantly related to a positive history of previous transfusion (p = 0.0039). Efforts must be sustained at evolving a system to minimize the incidence and consequences. The development of a haemovigilance system in which data regarding all transfusions carried out in Nigerian hospitals is collated and analyzed is necessary. The advent of the National Blood Transfusion Service (N.B.T.S) in Nigeria with Zonal centres in the six geopolitical zones of the country offers an opportunity for setting up a national haemovigilance programme.
在输血实践中，血液的免疫血液学安全性仍然是一个重要且反复出现的问题。然而在尼日利亚，有关输血发病率和死亡率的数据却很稀少。尽管目前降低输血不良反应发生率的努力体现在血液警戒概念中，但尼日利亚输血服务机构尚未实施该做法。在奥巴费米·阿沃洛沃大学教学医院对462次输血进行了一项前瞻性研究，以评估该医院输血反应的发生率和模式。输血反应的总体发生率为8.7%（40例），其中发热性非溶血性输血反应（FNHTR）占这些反应的65%。不良反应的发生率与既往输血阳性史显著相关（p = 0.0039）。必须持续努力建立一个系统，以尽量减少发生率和后果。有必要建立一个血液警戒系统，对尼日利亚医院进行的所有输血数据进行整理和分析。尼日利亚国家输血服务局（N.B.T.S）的出现以及在该国六个地缘政治区设立的区域中心，为建立全国血液警戒计划提供了一个契机。
