Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Appetite. 2010 Jun;54(3):544-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.02.011. Epub 2010 Feb 20.
Although it is well known that visual stimuli affect olfactory performance, little is known about the reverse case: the influence of odor on visual performance. This study aimed to determine whether odors can enhance attention towards visually presented objects congruent with the odors. Sixty healthy participants were presented with four odors (orange, lavender, coffee, and liquorice) before and during the presentation of photographic slides containing one congruent and three incongruent objects with the presented odors. The participants' visual attention was assessed as the total number and time of eye fixations by using an eye tracking system. When the participants smelled an odor, they looked more frequently and longer at a corresponding object as compared to the odorless condition. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time an olfactory priming effect on visual selective attention: odor can increase attention towards a congruent visual object as compared to a non-odor condition.
虽然人们熟知视觉刺激会影响嗅觉表现，但对于嗅觉反过来影响视觉表现的情况知之甚少。本研究旨在确定气味是否可以增强对与气味一致的视觉呈现物体的注意力。60 名健康参与者在呈现包含与呈现气味一致和不一致的三个物体的幻灯片之前和期间分别接受了四种气味（橙、薰衣草、咖啡和甘草）的刺激。通过眼动跟踪系统评估参与者的视觉注意力，表现为总注视次数和注视时间。当参与者闻到气味时，与无味条件相比，他们更频繁和长时间地注视相应的物体。总之，我们的研究结果首次证明了嗅觉对视觉选择性注意的启动效应：与非气味条件相比，气味可以增加对一致视觉物体的注意力。
