Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky Medical School, 900 S Limestone St, CTW Bldg, Room 209D, Lexington, KY 40536-0200, USA.
Radiology. 2010 Mar;254(3):660-77. doi: 10.1148/radiol.09090330.
There are several types of serious nuclear or radiologic emergencies that would require a specialized medical response. Four scenarios of great public health, economic, and psychologic impact are the detonation of a nuclear weapon, the meltdown of a nuclear reactor, the explosion of a large radiologic dispersal device ("dirty bomb"), or the surreptitious placement of a radiation exposure device in a public area of high population density. With any of these, medical facilities that remain functional may have to deal with large numbers of ill, wounded, and probably contaminated people. Special care and/or handling will be needed for those with trauma, blast injuries, or thermal burns as well as significant radiation exposures or contamination. In addition, radiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, and radiation oncologists will be called on to perform a number of diverse and critically important tasks, including advising political and public health leaders, interfacing with the media, managing essential resources, and, of course, providing medical care. This article describes the medical responses needed following a radiologic or nuclear incident, including the symptoms of and specific treatments for acute radiation syndrome and other early health effects.
http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.09090330/-/DC1.
未加标签：有几种严重的核或放射紧急情况需要专门的医疗应对。以下四种情况会对公共健康、经济和心理造成重大影响：核武器爆炸、核反应堆堆芯熔毁、大型放射性物质散布装置（“脏弹”）爆炸，或放射性照射装置被秘密放置在人口密度高的公共区域。对于这些情况，任何仍能正常运行的医疗设施都可能需要应对大量患病、受伤且可能受到污染的人群。对于有创伤、爆炸伤或热烧伤的人，以及受到严重辐射照射或污染的人，需要特别护理和/或处理。此外，放射科医生、核医学专家和放射肿瘤学家将被要求执行多项多样化且至关重要的任务，包括为政治和公共卫生领导人提供建议、与媒体进行交流、管理重要资源，当然，还包括提供医疗护理。本文描述了放射或核事件后所需的医疗应对措施，包括急性辐射综合征和其他早期健康影响的症状和特定治疗方法。
补充材料：http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.09090330/-/DC1.
