正常到较高智力功能对慢性病儿童的心理健康是否有保护作用？
Is there a protective effect of normal to high intellectual function on mental health in children with chronic illness?
机构信息
Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Uni Health, University of Bergen, John Lunds plass 3, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2010 Jan 20;4:3. doi: 10.1186/1753-2000-4-3.
BACKGROUND
High intellectual function is considered as a protective factor for children's mental health. Few studies have investigated the effect of intellectual function on mental health in children with chronic illness (CI). The aim of the present study was twofold: First, we asked if normal to high intellectual function (IQ) has a protective effect on mental health in children with CI, and secondly, if this effect is more substantial than in their peers (NCI).
METHODS
The participants were selected among children who participated in the Bergen Child Study (BCS): 96 children with CI (the CI-group) and 96 children without CI (the NCI-group). The groups were matched on intellectual function as measured by the WISC-III by selecting the same number of children from three levels of the Full Scale IQ Score (FSIQ): "very low" (<70),"low" (70 to 84), or "normal to high" (>84). CI was reported by parents as part of a diagnostic interview (Kiddie-SADS-PL) that also generated the mental health measures used in the present study: the presence of a DSM-IV psychiatric diagnosis and the score on the Children's Global Assessment Scale.
RESULTS
The risk of a psychiatric diagnosis was significantly lower for children with a normal to high FSIQ-level than for children with a very low and low FSIQ-level in the CI-group as well as in the NCI-group. The group differences were statistically non-significant for all three FSIQ-levels, and the effect of the interaction between the group-variable (CI/NCI) and the FSIQ-level was non-significant on both measures of mental health.
CONCLUSION
The present study showed a protective effect of normal to high intellectual function on children's mental health. This protective effect was not more substantial in children with CI than in children without CI.
背景
高智力被认为是儿童心理健康的保护因素。很少有研究调查智力对患有慢性病（CI）儿童心理健康的影响。本研究旨在探究两个问题：第一，智力正常到较高水平（智商）是否对患有 CI 的儿童的心理健康具有保护作用；其次，如果存在这种保护作用，其在患有 CI 的儿童中的作用是否比在无 CI 的儿童中更显著。
方法
研究对象选自卑尔根儿童研究（BCS）中的儿童：96 名患有 CI（CI 组）和 96 名无 CI（NCI 组）的儿童。通过选择三个全量表智商（FSIQ）水平（非常低[<70]、低[70-84]或正常到较高[>84]）中相同数量的儿童，对两组儿童的智力功能（WISC-III 测试）进行匹配。CI 由父母作为诊断访谈（Kiddie-SADS-PL）的一部分报告，该访谈还生成了本研究中使用的心理健康衡量标准：DSM-IV 精神疾病诊断和儿童总体评估量表得分。
结果
CI 组和 NCI 组中，FSIQ 正常到较高水平的儿童发生精神疾病诊断的风险明显低于 FSIQ 非常低和较低水平的儿童。对于这三个 FSIQ 水平，组间差异均无统计学意义，且组变量（CI/NCI）和 FSIQ 水平之间的交互作用对两种心理健康衡量标准的影响均无统计学意义。
结论
本研究表明，智力正常到较高水平对儿童的心理健康具有保护作用。这种保护作用在患有 CI 的儿童中并不比在无 CI 的儿童中更为显著。
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