Meyers Theodore R, Burton Tamara, Evans Wally, Starkey Norman
Department of Fish and Game, Commercial Fisheries Division, Juneau Fish Pathology Laboratory, P.O. Box 115526, Juneau, Alaska 99811-5526, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2009 Dec 22;88(1):1-12. doi: 10.3354/dao02154.
The U.S. Alaska Department of Fish and Game has regulatory oversight of the mariculture industry that is partially administered through a statewide shellfish health policy. Possession and transport of bivalve molluscs require development of indigenous pathogen histories from diagnostic examinations of wild and farmed populations. These examinations have resulted in the detection of various infectious agents and parasites including viruses: an aquareovirus and aquabirna-like virus isolated by fish cell culture, and papilloma- or polyoma- and herpes-like virus particles within bivalve cell intranuclear inclusion bodies observed by electron microscopy. This study summarizes these results in samples examined from 1987 to 2009 and is the first description of poikilothermic viruses from Alaskan waters isolated from or observed within the tissues of 4 species of bivalve molluscs: geoduck clam Panope abrupta, native littleneck clam Protothaca staminea, purple-hinged rock scallop Crassadoma gigantea and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.
美国阿拉斯加鱼类和野生动物管理局对海水养殖行业进行监管，该监管部分通过全州贝类健康政策来实施。双壳贝类的持有和运输需要通过对野生和养殖种群的诊断检查来建立本地病原体历史记录。这些检查已检测到各种感染因子和寄生虫，包括病毒：通过鱼类细胞培养分离出的一种水产呼肠孤病毒和一种类似水产双RNA病毒，以及通过电子显微镜在双壳贝类细胞核内包涵体中观察到的乳头瘤病毒或多瘤病毒和疱疹样病毒颗粒。本研究总结了1987年至2009年检查样本的这些结果，首次描述了从阿拉斯加海域的4种双壳贝类组织中分离或观察到的变温病毒，这4种双壳贝类为：象拔蚌Panope abrupta、本地小颈蛤Protothaca staminea、紫铰石扇贝Crassadoma gigantea和太平洋牡蛎Crassostrea gigas。
