Herrera Miriam del Socorro, Lucas-Rincón Salvador Eduardo, Medina-Solís Carlo Eduardo, Maupomé Gerardo, Márquez-Corona María de Lourdes, Islas-Granillo Horacio, Islas-Márquez Arturo José, Atitlán-Gil Alfonso
Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Campus León, Ló6n, Nicaragua.
Rev Invest Clin. 2009 Nov-Dec;61(6):489-96.
To identify the association between tooth brushing frequency and variables of socioeconomic position in Nicaraguan schoolchildren.
A cross sectional study was undertaken in 1353 schoolchildren ages 6 to 12 randomly selected from 25 elementary schools in Leon, Nicaragua. Using a questionnaire addressed to mothers, sociodemographic, socioeconomic and behavioral variables were collected. The dependent variable was tooth brushing frequency, which was dichotomized in 0 "at least one 7 times/week" and 1 "7 or more times/week". A multivariate analysis was carried out with logistic regression in STATA 9.
The average age of child participants was 8.99 +/- 2.00 years and 49.7% were women. In the final model, older age (OR = 2.04), female sex (OR = 1.39) and having a mother with positive attitudes toward oral health (OR = 2.5) were positively associated with the tooth brushing frequency (p < 0.05). Larger family size (OR = 0.89) and having low socioeconomic status (1st quartile; OR = 0.54, 2nd quartile; OR = 0.62, 3rd quartile; OR = 0.67) showed a negative relationship with the tooth brushing frequency. To have had at least one preventive dental visit in the previous year was positively associated (p < 0.10) with tooth brushing frequency.
This study suggested that existence of indicators of socioeconomic inequalities exist even within less developed countries, and thus emphasize the need to target health promotion programs to vulnerable socioeconomic groups.
确定尼加拉瓜学龄儿童刷牙频率与社会经济地位变量之间的关联。
对从尼加拉瓜莱昂市25所小学随机抽取的1353名6至12岁的学龄儿童进行了横断面研究。通过向母亲发放问卷，收集社会人口统计学、社会经济和行为变量。因变量为刷牙频率，分为0（“每周至少一次”）和1（“每周7次或更多次”）。在STATA 9中使用逻辑回归进行多变量分析。
儿童参与者的平均年龄为8.99±2.00岁，女性占49.7%。在最终模型中，年龄较大（比值比=2.04）、女性（比值比=1.39）以及母亲对口腔健康持积极态度（比值比=2.5）与刷牙频率呈正相关（p<0.05）。家庭规模较大（比值比=0.89）以及社会经济地位较低（第一四分位数；比值比=0.54，第二四分位数；比值比=0.62，第三四分位数；比值比=0.67）与刷牙频率呈负相关。上一年至少进行过一次预防性牙科就诊与刷牙频率呈正相关（p<0.10）。
本研究表明，即使在欠发达国家也存在社会经济不平等指标，因此强调有必要针对弱势社会经济群体开展健康促进项目。
