Center of Excellence in Cancer Communication Research, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, 3620 Walnut Street, 410, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Apr;12(4):390-7. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq015. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
A vaccine against nicotine may soon be available to smokers who want to quit. The vaccine stimulates the production of antibodies that bind to nicotine, thereby impeding nicotine from crossing the blood-brain barrier and exerting psychoactive effects. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate intentions to try a nicotine vaccine if one were to become available among a nationally representative sample of smokers. The secondary purpose was to assess whether information about genetic susceptibility to nicotine addiction had an effect on smokers' interest in receiving the vaccine.
Four hundred and twenty-seven adults were randomized to read one of two versions of a short description about the vaccine. One version framed addiction as genetically influenced, while the other framed it as environmentally influenced. Smokers were then asked about their intentions to use a nicotine vaccine if one were to become available in the future.
Across both groups, 53% indicated that they would be likely or very likely to try the vaccine. Using multivariate linear regression, the strongest predictors of vaccination intention were having a favorable attitude toward a nicotine vaccine (beta = .41) and having a favorable attitude toward vaccination in general (beta = .22). There were no significant effects of the framing conditions on intention to receive the vaccine.
Intentions to try a nicotine vaccine as a cessation method are relatively high among smokers. If the vaccine becomes available, specific groups of smokers may be more interested than others; education and recruitment efforts could be targeted appropriately.
一种针对尼古丁的疫苗可能很快就会提供给想要戒烟的吸烟者。该疫苗刺激产生抗体，这些抗体与尼古丁结合，从而阻止尼古丁穿过血脑屏障并发挥其精神活性作用。本研究的主要目的是评估如果一种尼古丁疫苗可供使用，在全国代表性的吸烟者样本中尝试该疫苗的意愿。次要目的是评估关于对尼古丁成瘾的遗传易感性的信息是否会影响吸烟者对接受疫苗的兴趣。
427 名成年人被随机分配阅读疫苗的简短描述的两个版本之一。一个版本将成瘾归因于遗传影响，而另一个版本则将成瘾归因于环境影响。然后，吸烟者被问到如果将来有一种尼古丁疫苗可供使用，他们是否愿意使用。
在两个组中，有 53%的人表示他们很可能或非常可能尝试该疫苗。使用多元线性回归，接种疫苗的最强预测因素是对尼古丁疫苗持有利态度（β=0.41）和对一般疫苗接种持有利态度（β=0.22）。框架条件对接受疫苗的意愿没有显著影响。
作为戒烟方法，尝试尼古丁疫苗的意愿在吸烟者中相对较高。如果该疫苗上市，某些特定的吸烟者群体可能比其他群体更感兴趣；可以有针对性地开展教育和招募工作。
