Kozajda Anna, Sowiak Małgorzata, Piotrowska Małgorzata, Szadkowska-Stańczyk Irena
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Łódź Zakład Srodowiskowych Zagrozeń Zdrowia.
Med Pr. 2009;60(6):483-90.
The aim of the study was to recognize exposure to biological agents in the air of waste sorting plants. This publication contains the characteristics of technical solutions in use during sorting of waste and the results of quantitative analysis in terms of the presence of moulds and inhalable dust in the air.
The study was conducted in the summertime inside two waste sorting plants with different production capacity ("big" and "small"). To evaluate inhalable dust in the air, 53 samples were collected using personal samplers on glass fiber filters. To assess mycological contamination of the air, 30 triple samples were directly collected on Petri dishes (Malt Extract Agar medium), using the volumetric impact method in the worker's respiratory zone. Samples were incubated for 5 days at 30 degrees C. Outcomes of the total number of moulds were provided in cfu/m3 (cfu--colony forming units).
The mean concentration of inhalable dust, determined in the "big" waste sorting plant, was 2.38 mg/m3 and in the "small" plant 1.12 mg/m3. The quantitative analysis revealed the following values of the total number of moulds present in the air: 1) "big" waste sorting plant, 2.9 x 10(4) cfu/m3 (work premises) and 3.6 x 10(3) jtk/m3 (office premises); 2) "small" waste sorting plant, 7.8 x 10(4) cfu/m3 (work premises) and 2.5 x 10(3) jtk/m3 (office premises).
Mould concentrations determined in the environment of waste sorting plants were high. To protect health of workers in this kind of plants, preventive programs focused on the protection of the skin and respiratory system should be implemented. Offices should be properly isolated from work premises to minimize spreading of inhalable dust.
本研究的目的是识别垃圾分类厂空气中的生物制剂暴露情况。本出版物包含了垃圾分类过程中使用的技术解决方案的特点以及空气中霉菌和可吸入粉尘存在情况的定量分析结果。
本研究于夏季在两家生产能力不同的垃圾分类厂（“大型”和“小型”）内进行。为评估空气中的可吸入粉尘，使用个人采样器在玻璃纤维滤纸上采集了53个样本。为评估空气的真菌污染情况，采用体积撞击法在工人呼吸区内直接在培养皿（麦芽提取物琼脂培养基）上采集了30个三联样本。样本在30℃下孵育5天。霉菌总数的结果以cfu/m³（cfu——菌落形成单位）表示。
在“大型”垃圾分类厂测定的可吸入粉尘平均浓度为2.38mg/m³，在“小型”厂为1.12mg/m³。定量分析显示空气中霉菌总数的以下数值：1）“大型”垃圾分类厂，工作场所为2.9×10⁴cfu/m³，办公场所为3.6×10³cfu/m³；2）“小型”垃圾分类厂，工作场所为7.8×10⁴cfu/m³，办公场所为2.5×10³cfu/m³。
在垃圾分类厂环境中测定的霉菌浓度较高。为保护这类工厂工人的健康，应实施侧重于皮肤和呼吸系统保护的预防计划。办公室应与工作场所适当隔离，以尽量减少可吸入粉尘扩散。
