Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Leopoldstr. 5, D-80802 Munich, Germany.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 May 28;170(1-2):71-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.035. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
In this study, goats from six farms in Central Switzerland were examined for the evaluation of the FAMACHA-method under middle European conditions. Individual faecal egg counts were determined at a 4-week interval for a period of 6 months and the gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) genera were differentiated using larval culture. Simultaneously, the goats were bled for packed cell volume (PCV) determination and scored for anaemia of the conjunctiva according to the FAMACHA-method. The three methods used for evaluating haemonchosis, namely FEC, PCV and FAMACHA-score, were compared to test the FAMACHA-method for its accuracy and efficacy in detecting haemonchosis in Switzerland. PCV and FAMACHA-score correlated significantly during the entire period of 6 months, whereas PCV and FEC correlated significantly in four study months. The FAMACHA-score and FEC correlated significantly in June only. PCV served as the gold standard for evaluating the accuracy of FAMACHA-method in detecting anaemic goats. The sensitivity of FAMACHA in detecting anaemic goats was 93%, using the anaemia criteria cut-offs FAMACHA-categories >or=3 and PCV <22%. The applicability of the method for detecting goats which needed treatment was tested with FEC >300 epg and >600 epg as cut-off values for treatment. The sensitivity of the method for detecting goats which needed a treatment was 76%, with regard to FEC of Haemonchus contortus (treatment cut-offs: FAMACHA >or=3 and FEC >300 epg). The percentage of false negatives (FEC-Hc-portion) was less than 11%. In addition, the use of FAMACHA categories >or=3, as a treatment indicator, revealed that 64% of the animals were recommended for treatment. These results indicate the suitability of FAMACHA as an additional part of an integrated anthelmintic control of goat flocks in Switzerland.
在本研究中，检查了来自瑞士中部六个农场的山羊，以评估 FAMACHA 方法在中欧条件下的效果。在 6 个月的时间里，每隔 4 周测定一次个体粪便卵计数，并通过幼虫培养区分胃肠道线虫（GIN）属。同时，为了确定红细胞压积（PCV）并根据 FAMACHA 方法评估结膜贫血，给山羊采血并进行评分。使用三种方法评估血矛线虫病，即 FEC、PCV 和 FAMACHA 评分，以检验 FAMACHA 方法在瑞士检测血矛线虫病的准确性和效果。PCV 和 FAMACHA 评分在整个 6 个月期间均呈显著相关，而 PCV 和 FEC 在四个研究月份中呈显著相关。仅在 6 月时 FAMACHA 评分和 FEC 呈显著相关。PCV 用于评估 FAMACHA 方法检测贫血山羊的准确性。使用贫血标准截断值 FAMACHA 类别 >or=3 和 PCV <22%，FAMACHA 检测贫血山羊的灵敏度为 93%。使用 FEC >300 epg 和 >600 epg 作为治疗的截断值，检验该方法检测需要治疗的山羊的适用性。该方法检测需要治疗的山羊的灵敏度为 76%，对于捻转血矛线虫的 FEC（治疗截断值：FAMACHA >or=3 和 FEC >300 epg）。假阴性率（FEC-Hc-portion）低于 11%。此外，使用 FAMACHA 类别 >or=3 作为治疗指标表明，64%的动物被建议进行治疗。这些结果表明 FAMACHA 适合作为瑞士山羊群综合驱虫控制的一个附加部分。
