一项关于睡眠时间和身体质量指数的双胞胎研究。
A twin study of sleep duration and body mass index.
机构信息
Department of Neurology and University of Washington Medicine Sleep Institute, Seattle, WA 98104-2499, USA.
出版信息
J Clin Sleep Med. 2010 Feb 15;6(1):11-7.
STUDY OBJECTIVE
To determine the relative importance of genetic and environmental contributions to the association between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI).
METHODS
Twins from the University of Washington Twin Registry, a community-based sample of U.S. twins, provided self-reported height and weight for BMI calculation and habitual sleep duration. A generalized estimating equation model evaluated the overall and within twin pair effects of sleep duration on BMI with and without stratification by twin zygosity. A structural equation model was used to assess genetic and non-genetic contributions to BMI and sleep duration.
RESULTS
The study sample included 1,224 twins comprised of 423 monozygotic, 143 dizygotic, and 46 indeterminate pairs. The mean age was 36.9 years; 69% were female. A multivariate adjusted analysis of all twins revealed an elevated mean BMI (26.0 kg/m2) in short sleeping twins (< 7 h/night) compared to twins sleeping 7-8.9 h/night (BMI 24.8 kg/m2; p < 0.01). The within-twin pair analysis revealed similar results, with the short sleeping twins having a mean BMI of 25.8 kg/ m2 compared to 24.9 kg/m2 for the 7-8.9 h/night sleep duration group (p = 0.02). When restricted to monozygotic twins, the within-twin pair analysis continued to reveal an elevated BMI in the short sleeping twins (25.7 kg/m2) compared to the 7-8.9 h/night reference group (24.7 kg/m2; p = 0.02). No differences in mean BMI were observed between the 7-8.9 h/night reference group twins and longer sleeping twins (> or = 9 h/night) in the analysis of all twins, the overall within-twin pair analysis, or the within-twin pair analysis stratified by zygosity. The heritability of sleep duration was 0.31 (p = 0.08) and BMI 0.76 (p < 0.01). Bivariate genetic analysis revealed little evidence of shared genetics between sleep duration and BMI (p = 0.28).
CONCLUSIONS
Short sleep was associated with elevated BMI following careful adjustment for genetics and shared environment. These findings point toward an environmental cause of the relationship between sleep duration and BMI.
研究目的
确定遗传和环境因素对睡眠时长与体重指数（BMI）之间关联的相对重要性。
方法
来自华盛顿大学双胞胎登记处的双胞胎（美国双胞胎的社区样本）提供了自我报告的身高和体重，用于计算 BMI 和习惯性睡眠时长。使用广义估计方程模型评估了睡眠时长对 BMI 的总体影响和双胞胎内的影响，同时对双胞胎的同卵性进行分层。使用结构方程模型评估了 BMI 和睡眠时长的遗传和非遗传因素。
结果
研究样本包括 1224 对双胞胎，其中 423 对是同卵双胞胎，143 对是异卵双胞胎，还有 46 对不确定。平均年龄为 36.9 岁，69%为女性。对所有双胞胎进行的多变量调整分析显示，与睡眠 7-8.9 小时/晚的双胞胎相比，睡眠不足 7 小时/晚的双胞胎平均 BMI（26.0kg/m2）较高（BMI 24.8kg/m2；p<0.01）。双胞胎内的分析结果相似，睡眠不足 7 小时/晚的双胞胎平均 BMI 为 25.8kg/m2，而睡眠 7-8.9 小时/晚的双胞胎平均 BMI 为 24.9kg/m2（p=0.02）。当限制在同卵双胞胎中时，双胞胎内的分析仍然显示，睡眠不足 7 小时/晚的双胞胎 BMI 较高（25.7kg/m2），而睡眠 7-8.9 小时/晚的参考组（24.7kg/m2；p=0.02）。在所有双胞胎的分析、总体双胞胎内的分析或根据同卵性分层的双胞胎内的分析中，7-8.9 小时/晚的参考组双胞胎和睡眠时间较长（>或=9 小时/晚）的双胞胎之间的平均 BMI 没有差异。睡眠时长的遗传度为 0.31（p=0.08），BMI 的遗传度为 0.76（p<0.01）。双变量遗传分析显示，睡眠时长和 BMI 之间的遗传相关性很小（p=0.28）。
结论
在仔细调整遗传和共同环境因素后，短睡眠与 BMI 升高有关。这些发现表明，睡眠时长与 BMI 之间的关系可能是由环境因素引起的。
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