Cohen-Cline Hannah, Lau Richard, Moudon Anne V, Turkheimer Eric, Duncan Glen E
Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,University of Washington,Seattle,WA,USA.
Nutritional Sciences Program,University of Washington,Seattle,WA,USA.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2015 Aug;18(4):375-82. doi: 10.1017/thg.2015.33. Epub 2015 May 25.
Obesity is a substantial health problem in the United States, and is associated with many chronic diseases. Previous studies have linked poor dietary habits to obesity. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the association between body mass index (BMI) and fast-food consumption among 669 same-sex adult twin pairs residing in the Puget Sound region around Seattle, Washington. We calculated twin-pair correlations for BMI and fast-food consumption. We next regressed BMI on fast-food consumption using generalized estimating equations (GEE), and finally estimated the within-pair difference in BMI associated with a difference in fast-food consumption, which controls for all potential genetic and environment characteristics shared between twins within a pair. Twin-pair correlations for fast-food consumption were similar for identical (monozygotic; MZ) and fraternal (dizygotic; DZ) twins, but were substantially higher in MZ than DZ twins for BMI. In the unadjusted GEE model, greater fast-food consumption was associated with larger BMI. For twin pairs overall, and for MZ twins, there was no association between within-pair differences in fast-food consumption and BMI in any model. In contrast, there was a significant association between within-pair differences in fast-food consumption and BMI among DZ twins, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in the observed association. Thus, although variance in fast-food consumption itself is largely driven by environmental factors, the overall association between this specific eating behavior and BMI is largely due to genetic factors.
肥胖是美国一个严重的健康问题，并且与许多慢性疾病相关。先前的研究已将不良饮食习惯与肥胖联系起来。这项横断面研究旨在确定居住在华盛顿州西雅图市周边普吉特海湾地区的669对同性成年双胞胎中体重指数（BMI）与快餐消费之间的关联。我们计算了BMI和快餐消费的双胞胎对相关性。接下来，我们使用广义估计方程（GEE）对快餐消费进行BMI回归，最后估计与快餐消费差异相关的BMI对间差异，这控制了一对双胞胎之间共享的所有潜在遗传和环境特征。快餐消费的双胞胎对相关性在同卵（单卵；MZ）和异卵（双卵；DZ）双胞胎中相似，但BMI在MZ双胞胎中比DZ双胞胎显著更高。在未调整的GEE模型中，更高的快餐消费与更大的BMI相关。对于总体双胞胎对以及MZ双胞胎，在任何模型中，快餐消费的对间差异与BMI之间均无关联。相比之下，DZ双胞胎中快餐消费的对间差异与BMI之间存在显著关联，表明遗传因素在观察到的关联中起作用。因此，尽管快餐消费本身的差异在很大程度上由环境因素驱动，但这种特定饮食行为与BMI之间的总体关联在很大程度上归因于遗传因素。
