Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK.
Brain. 2010 Apr;133(Pt 4):1265-83. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq010. Epub 2010 Feb 28.
This article explores the notion that Freudian constructs may have neurobiological substrates. Specifically, we propose that Freud's descriptions of the primary and secondary processes are consistent with self-organized activity in hierarchical cortical systems and that his descriptions of the ego are consistent with the functions of the default-mode and its reciprocal exchanges with subordinate brain systems. This neurobiological account rests on a view of the brain as a hierarchical inference or Helmholtz machine. In this view, large-scale intrinsic networks occupy supraordinate levels of hierarchical brain systems that try to optimize their representation of the sensorium. This optimization has been formulated as minimizing a free-energy; a process that is formally similar to the treatment of energy in Freudian formulations. We substantiate this synthesis by showing that Freud's descriptions of the primary process are consistent with the phenomenology and neurophysiology of rapid eye movement sleep, the early and acute psychotic state, the aura of temporal lobe epilepsy and hallucinogenic drug states.
本文探讨了弗洛伊德结构可能具有神经生物学基础的观点。具体来说，我们提出弗洛伊德对初级和次级过程的描述与分层皮质系统中的自组织活动一致，他对自我的描述与默认模式的功能及其与下属脑系统的相互交换一致。这种神经生物学解释基于将大脑视为分层推理或亥姆霍兹机器的观点。在这种观点中，大规模的内在网络占据了分层脑系统的上级层次，试图优化其对感觉器官的表示。这种优化被表述为最小化自由能；这个过程在形式上类似于弗洛伊德公式中对能量的处理。我们通过表明弗洛伊德对初级过程的描述与快速眼动睡眠、早期和急性精神病状态、颞叶癫痫先兆和致幻药物状态的现象学和神经生理学一致，来证实这种综合。
