Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff Heart and Thorax Center, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010 Apr;7(4):187-93. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2010.16. Epub 2010 Mar 2.
Stress cardiomyopathy, also referred to as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, transient apical ballooning or broken heart syndrome, is a disorder associated with transient left ventricular dysfunction. Symptoms include acute chest pain and dyspnea accompanied by electrocardiographic changes, such as ST-segment elevation and T-wave inversions, minimal elevation of cardiac enzyme levels and transient wall-motion abnormalities in the absence of substantial coronary artery obstruction. Complete recovery of contractile function has been documented in nearly all cases, but the mechanisms of disease remain unclear and the cause has not been established. Coronary artery vasospasm, microcirculation dysfunction, and transient obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract have been proposed as possible causes of this disorder. An excessive release of catecholamines also seems to have a pivotal role in the development of stress cardiomyopathy. This Review summarizes published data on stress cardiomyopathy, focusing primarily on the most likely causes of this cardiac entity.
应激性心肌病，也称 Takotsubo 心肌病、一过性心尖球囊样综合征或心碎综合征，是一种与短暂性左心室功能障碍相关的疾病。其症状包括急性胸痛和呼吸困难，伴有心电图改变，如 ST 段抬高和 T 波倒置、心肌酶水平轻度升高和短暂的壁运动异常，但不存在明显的冠状动脉阻塞。几乎所有病例都有收缩功能完全恢复的记录，但疾病的机制仍不清楚，病因也尚未确定。冠状动脉痉挛、微循环功能障碍和左心室流出道短暂阻塞被认为是这种疾病的可能原因。儿茶酚胺的过度释放似乎也在应激性心肌病的发展中起着关键作用。本综述总结了应激性心肌病的已发表数据，主要关注这一心血管实体最可能的病因。
