Pelletier Chelsea A, Hicks Audrey L
Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2009;37(1-2):139-64. doi: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v37.i1-2.40.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a myriad of changes in paralyzed skeletal muscle. Many of these changes stem from the disruption in nerve activation and lead to a loss of muscle mass and the transformation of muscle fiber types to a predominance of type II fast-twitch fibers. Changes to muscle contractile properties are also commonly reported, however, the results are not yet conclusive and appear to vary with the muscle examined. The presence or absence of spasticity also appears to be a significant variable, acting to preserve some muscle characteristics following paralysis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature examining changes in skeletal muscle after SCI, with a particular focus on the effect on fatigue resistance. Mechanisms of fatigue in able-bodied muscle are discussed in the context of their potential to explain the decreased fatigue resistance observed after SCI.
脊髓损伤（SCI）会导致瘫痪骨骼肌发生无数变化。其中许多变化源于神经激活的中断，导致肌肉质量丧失以及肌纤维类型转变为以II型快肌纤维为主。肌肉收缩特性的变化也经常被报道，然而，结果尚无定论，且似乎因所检查的肌肉而异。痉挛的存在与否似乎也是一个重要变量，它在瘫痪后起到保留一些肌肉特征的作用。本综述的目的是总结目前研究脊髓损伤后骨骼肌变化的文献，特别关注对疲劳抵抗的影响。在能够解释脊髓损伤后观察到的疲劳抵抗降低的可能性的背景下，讨论了健全肌肉的疲劳机制。
