Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035Barcelona, Spain.
Chronobiol Int. 2010 Jan;27(1):181-93. doi: 10.3109/07420520903398559.
The purpose of the present study is to explore the relationships between circadian typology and Cloninger's model of the seven dimensions of personality, taking into account the possible sex interactions. This model considers four temperament dimensions (viz., HA, harm avoidance; NS, novelty seeking; RD, reward dependence; and PS, persistence) and three character dimensions (viz., SD, self-directedness; C, cooperativeness; and ST, self-transcendence). A sample of 862 university students (500 women), between 18 and 30 (21.94 +/- 2.64) yrs of age completed the short versions of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-56) and the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ). Women showed higher values for HA, RD, and C, while men showed higher values for NS. Evening-type subjects had higher NS but lower HA, PS, and SD scores. Moreover, circadian typology modulated the sex differences in HA and NS, and only evening-type men showed a lower HA score and higher NS score. Circadian typology is related to Cloninger's model of Temperament and Character personality dimensions. Future studies should further examine possible implications, regarding both the vulnerability of developing psychopathological disorders and the prognosis of response to different treatments.
本研究旨在探讨昼夜节律类型与 Cloninger 七维度人格模型之间的关系，同时考虑可能存在的性别交互作用。该模型考虑了四个气质维度（即 HA、冒险寻求；NS、新奇寻求；RD、奖励依赖；PS、坚持）和三个性格维度（即 SD、自我导向；C、合作性；ST、自我超越）。一个由 862 名大学生（500 名女性）组成的样本，年龄在 18 至 30 岁之间（21.94 +/- 2.64 岁），完成了 TCI-56 短版和简化的 Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire（rMEQ）。女性在 HA、RD 和 C 方面的得分较高，而男性在 NS 方面的得分较高。夜间型受试者的 NS 较高，但 HA、PS 和 SD 得分较低。此外，昼夜节律类型调节了 HA 和 NS 的性别差异，只有夜间型男性的 HA 得分较低，NS 得分较高。昼夜节律类型与 Cloninger 的气质和性格维度模型有关。未来的研究应进一步探讨可能的影响，包括发展心理病理障碍的易感性和对不同治疗反应的预后。
