Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Mar;82(3):415-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0579.
Insecticide treated nets (ITNs) represent a powerful means for controlling malaria in Africa because the mosquito vectors feed primarily indoors at night. The proportion of human exposure that occurs indoors, when people are asleep and can conveniently use ITNs, is therefore very high. Recent evidence suggests behavioral changes by malaria mosquito populations to avoid contact with ITNs by feeding outdoors in the early evening. We adapt an established mathematical model of mosquito behavior and malaria transmission to illustrate how ITNs can achieve communal suppression of malaria transmission exposure, even where mosquito evade them and personal protection is modest. We also review recent reports from Tanzania to show that conventional mosquito behavior measures can underestimate the potential of ITNs because they ignore the importance of human movements.
经杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐（ITN）是控制非洲疟疾的有力手段，因为蚊子主要在夜间室内吸血。因此，当人们在室内睡觉并方便使用 ITN 时，人们受到的感染比例非常高。最近的证据表明，疟疾病媒蚊子种群发生了行为变化，它们在傍晚时分在户外进食，以避免与 ITN 接触。我们对现有的蚊子行为和疟疾传播的数学模型进行了改编，以说明 ITN 如何即使在蚊子逃避并对个人保护适度的情况下，仍能实现疟疾传播暴露的集体抑制。我们还回顾了来自坦桑尼亚的最新报告，表明常规的蚊子行为措施可能会低估 ITN 的潜力，因为它们忽略了人类活动的重要性。
