Steyn K, Jooste P L, Bourne L, Fourie J, Badenhorst C J, Bourne D E, Langenhoven M L, Lombard C J, Truter H, Katzenellenbogen J
Centre for Epidemiological Research in Southern Africa, Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, Parowvallei, CP.
S Afr Med J. 1991 Apr 20;79(8):480-5.
A cross-sectional study of risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in a random sample of 986 black people aged 15-64 years living in the Cape Peninsula revealed a population at lower risk for IHD than other South Africans. Blood pressures of 140/95 mmHg or above were found in 14.4% of males and 13.7% of females. Fifty-two per cent of males and 8.4% of females smoked, while 16.5% of males and 25.8% of females had a total cholesterol (TC) level imparting risk for developing IHD. In this population the TC level is not a good surrogate measure for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol because of the high level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) found in this population. A protective HDLC/TC ratio of 20% was found in 96% of males and 96.1% of females. When considering the three major reversible IHD risk factors at a high level of risk, 30.8% of males and 12.5% of females had at least one such a risk factor. The population was frequently exposed to the media, with 80% listening to the radio every day and 55% watching television at least once a week. This suggests that a healthy lifestyle could be promoted successfully by means of these media. In addition, schools should promote a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases should be incorporated into the evolving primary health care services in South Africa.
对居住在开普半岛的986名年龄在15至64岁之间的黑人进行随机抽样，开展了一项关于缺血性心脏病（IHD）风险因素的横断面研究。结果显示，该人群患缺血性心脏病的风险低于其他南非人。研究发现，男性中血压达到140/95 mmHg及以上的比例为14.4%，女性为13.7%。52%的男性和8.4%的女性吸烟，而16.5%的男性和25.8%的女性总胆固醇（TC）水平具有患缺血性心脏病的风险。在该人群中，由于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）水平较高，总胆固醇水平并非低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的良好替代指标。96%的男性和96.1%的女性的HDLC/TC保护比值为20%。在高风险水平下考虑三个主要的可逆性缺血性心脏病风险因素时，30.8%的男性和12.5%的女性至少有一项此类风险因素。该人群经常接触媒体，80%的人每天听广播，55%的人每周至少看一次电视。这表明通过这些媒体可以成功推广健康的生活方式。此外，学校应推广健康的生活方式，预防慢性退行性疾病应纳入南非不断发展的初级卫生保健服务中。
