Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2010 Jan-Feb;36(1):67-74. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132010000100012.
To compare smokers and never smokers in terms of the following: quality of life; BMI; hospitalizations; functionality; family history of mental disorder; tobacco-related diseases; depression; and psychoactive substance use.
We evaluated 167 smokers enrolled in a smoking cessation program at the Londrina State University Referral Center for Understanding and Treating Smoking, together with 272 never-smoking blood donors. We employed the following instruments, all validated for use in Brazil: a structured questionnaire for the collection of sociodemographic data; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, brief version (WHOQoL-BREF); and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. We also applied diagnostic criteria for the investigation of depressive disorders.
The mean age of the smokers and never smokers was, respectively, 45 and 44 years. Females predominated in both groups. Smokers more often presented with impaired work/domestic functionality, hospitalizations, depressive disorders, smoking in the household, sedative use and a family history of mental disorders, as well as scoring lower in all domains of the WHOQoL-BREF. The mean age at smoking onset was lower for smokers with depression or using psychoactive substances than for smokers without such comorbidities. Diabetes, arterial hypertension, heart disease, respiratory disease and peptic ulcer were more common in smokers than in never smokers. The mean BMI was lower in the smokers than in the never smokers.
This study suggests that, for smoking cessation programs, subgroups of smokers with specific characteristics (early age at smoking onset, tobacco-related diseases, depressive disorders and use of psychoactive substances) should be identified.
比较吸烟者和从不吸烟者在以下方面的情况：生活质量；体重指数（BMI）；住院情况；功能；精神障碍家族史；与烟草相关的疾病；抑郁；以及精神活性物质使用。
我们评估了在洛伦茨纳州立大学理解和治疗吸烟转诊中心参加戒烟计划的 167 名吸烟者，以及 272 名从不吸烟的献血者。我们使用了以下经过验证可在巴西使用的工具：一份用于收集社会人口统计学数据的结构化问卷；酒精、吸烟和物质参与筛查测试；世界卫生组织生活质量量表，简表（WHOQoL-BREF）；以及尼古丁依赖 Fagerström 测试。我们还应用了用于调查抑郁障碍的诊断标准。
吸烟者和从不吸烟者的平均年龄分别为 45 岁和 44 岁。两组均以女性为主。吸烟者更常出现工作/家庭功能受损、住院、抑郁障碍、家庭吸烟、镇静剂使用和精神障碍家族史，以及 WHOQoL-BREF 所有领域的评分较低。有或没有共病的抑郁或使用精神活性物质的吸烟者的吸烟起始年龄低于没有共病的吸烟者。与从不吸烟者相比，吸烟者更常见糖尿病、动脉高血压、心脏病、呼吸疾病和消化性溃疡。吸烟者的平均 BMI 低于从不吸烟者。
这项研究表明，对于戒烟计划，应确定具有特定特征（吸烟起始年龄早、与烟草相关的疾病、抑郁障碍和使用精神活性物质）的吸烟者亚组。
