Tucci R, Aburad De Carvalhosa A, Anunciação G, Daumas Nunes F, Dos Santos Pinto D
Instituto de Pesquisa em Saúde, San Paulo, Brazil.
Minerva Stomatol. 2010 Jan-Feb;59(1-2):55-9.
Primary oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is a rare disease, representing 0.2% to 8% of all melanomas. Eighty percent of the cases are located on the palate and maxillary gingiva, with the remainder found on the mandibular gingiva, buccal mucosa, tongue, and floor of the mouth. OMM are highly aggressive with the tendency to metastasize and invade the surrounding tissues more readily than other oral malignancies. Prognosis is poor and the five-year survival rate ranges from 5% to 20%. The usual therapeutic approach for OMM is surgical excision of the primary tumor, supplemented by radiotherapy, with chemotherapy and immunotherapy serving as adjuvant. The authors report a well-documented case of OMM in a 40-year-old male who was referred to the Oral Medicine Service of the Cancer Hospital, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil exhibiting a firm mass at the right side of the face. Palpation revealed a painless soft tissue arising in maxillary gingiva, extending to the palate and vestibular mucosa. Pigmented areas were found in the mass. The patient underestimated his symptoms and look for treatment after a substantial growth of the lesion. This is an example of how a delayed detection affects the prognosis of OMM. The patient was treated by radiotherapy since surgical intervention was not possible, but died seven months later.
原发性口腔恶性黑色素瘤（OMM）是一种罕见疾病，占所有黑色素瘤的0.2%至8%。80%的病例位于腭部和上颌牙龈，其余病例见于下颌牙龈、颊黏膜、舌和口底。与其他口腔恶性肿瘤相比，OMM具有高度侵袭性，更容易发生转移并侵犯周围组织。预后较差，五年生存率为5%至20%。OMM的常用治疗方法是手术切除原发性肿瘤，并辅以放疗，化疗和免疫疗法作为辅助治疗。作者报告了一例记录详尽的OMM病例，患者为一名40岁男性，转诊至巴西马托格罗索州库亚巴癌症医院口腔医学科，其面部右侧有一质地坚硬的肿块。触诊发现上颌牙龈出现无痛性软组织肿物，延伸至腭部和前庭黏膜。肿物内可见色素沉着区域。患者对自身症状重视不足，病变显著增大后才寻求治疗。这是一个延迟检测影响OMM预后的实例。由于无法进行手术干预，该患者接受了放疗，但七个月后死亡。
