Office of Analysis and Epidemiology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Jun;34(6):1044-50. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.41. Epub 2010 Mar 9.
The aim of this longitudinal study is to examine the relationship between weight loss from maximum body weight, body mass index (BMI), and mortality in a nationally representative sample of men and women.
Longitudinal cohort study.
In all, 6117 whites, blacks, and Mexican-Americans 50 years and over at baseline who survived at least 3 years of follow-up, from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality Files (1988-1994 with passive mortality follow-up through 2000), were included.
Measured body weight and self-reported maximum body weight obtained at baseline. Weight loss (maximum body weight minus baseline weight) was categorized as <5%, 5-<15%, and >or=15%. Maximum BMI (reported maximum weight (kg)/measured baseline height (m)(2)) was categorized as healthy weight (18.5-24.9), overweight (25.0-29.9), and obese (>or=30.0).
In all, 1602 deaths were identified. After adjusting for age, race, smoking, health status, and preexisting illness, overweight men with weight loss of 15% or more, overweight women with weight loss of 5-<15%, and women in all BMI categories with weight loss of 15% or more were at increased risk of death from all causes compared with those in the same BMI category who lost <5%; hazard ratios ranged from 1.46 to 2.70. Weight loss of 5-<15% reduced risk of death from cardiovascular diseases among obese men.
Weight loss of 15% or more from maximum body weight is associated with increased risk of death from all causes among overweight men and among women regardless of maximum BMI.
本纵向研究旨在检验体重减轻与死亡率之间的关系，研究对象为从最大体重、体重指数（BMI）中减轻体重的男性和女性，这些对象取自具有全国代表性的白种人、黑种人和墨西哥裔美国人样本。
纵向队列研究。
共有 6117 名白种人、黑种人和墨西哥裔美国人在基线时年龄在 50 岁及以上，且至少有 3 年的随访期，他们来自第三次国家健康和营养检查调查（1988-1994 年）的链接死亡率档案（被动死亡随访至 2000 年）。
在基线时测量体重和自我报告的最大体重。体重减轻（最大体重减去基线体重）分为<5%、5-<15%和≥15%。最大 BMI（报告的最大体重（kg）/测量的基线身高（m）（2））分为健康体重（18.5-24.9）、超重（25.0-29.9）和肥胖（≥30.0）。
共发现 1602 例死亡。在调整年龄、种族、吸烟、健康状况和既往疾病后，体重减轻 15%或以上的超重男性、体重减轻 5-<15%的超重女性以及所有 BMI 类别的女性，与同一体重指数类别体重减轻<5%的女性相比，死于各种原因的风险增加；风险比范围为 1.46 至 2.70。体重减轻 5-<15%可降低肥胖男性死于心血管疾病的风险。
与体重减轻<5%的人相比，从最大体重中减轻 15%或更多体重与超重男性以及不论最大 BMI 如何的女性的各种原因死亡风险增加有关。
