Division of Psychiatry, S.t Göran, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Z5:U1, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2011 Apr;46(4):299-310. doi: 10.1007/s00127-010-0198-y. Epub 2010 Mar 7.
Higher education has been associated with distress and depression in students, and concerns that the proportion students afflicted is increasing have been raised. Findings on student depression have often been based on age-homogeneous samples leaving the results vulnerable to a confounding of student experience, transition from adolescence to adulthood and age on depression. We investigated self-reported depression and its associations with sociodemographic and educational factors in a demographically diverse student population of first-year nursing students in Sweden.
A base-line survey in a nation-wide cohort of 1,700 first-year nursing students was conducted in the fall of 2002. The participants answered a mailed questionnaire containing questions on sociodemography, educational factors, and health. Depression was measured by the Major Depression Inventory and associations to sociodemographic and educational factors were tested in logistic regressions.
The overall response rate was 72.9%, and 10.2% (5.7% men, 10.7% women) reported depression. Younger age (<30), female gender, immigration from outside of Europe, high workload, dissatisfaction with education, low self-efficacy, and conflicts between personal and college demands were associated with high prevalence of depression. Prior work experience, less need for financial support, and work for pay during term time were related to low prevalence of depression. Older students and those who were parents reported home-college conflicts more often.
Nursing students as a group show high levels of self-reported depression but the prevalence is affected by age with a higher proportion depressed among younger students. Even though older students and those who were parents show less depression, they were more vulnerable to home-college conflicts. As older students and parents constitute a large proportion of nursing students, it is of importance to find ways to lessen the effects of the obstacles they encounter in the education.
高等教育与学生的困扰和抑郁有关，有人担心受困扰的学生比例正在增加。学生抑郁的研究结果往往基于年龄同质的样本，这使得结果容易受到学生经历、青春期到成年期的过渡和年龄对抑郁的混淆。我们调查了瑞典一个人口统计学多样化的一年级护理学生群体中自我报告的抑郁情况及其与社会人口统计学和教育因素的关系。
在 2002 年秋季，对全国范围内的 1700 名一年级护理学生进行了一项基线调查。参与者通过邮寄问卷回答了有关社会人口统计学、教育因素和健康的问题。抑郁通过 Major Depression Inventory 进行衡量，并通过逻辑回归测试与社会人口统计学和教育因素的关联。
总体回复率为 72.9%，10.2%（5.7%为男性，10.7%为女性）报告患有抑郁。年龄较小（<30 岁）、女性、来自欧洲以外的移民、工作量大、对教育不满、自我效能感低、个人与大学需求之间的冲突与高抑郁患病率相关。有工作经验、较少经济支持需求以及在学期期间工作赚钱与低抑郁患病率相关。年龄较大的学生和有子女的学生报告家庭与学校之间的冲突更多。
护理学生群体表现出较高的自我报告抑郁水平，但患病率受到年龄的影响，年轻学生中抑郁的比例更高。尽管年龄较大的学生和有子女的学生抑郁程度较低，但他们更容易受到家庭与学校冲突的影响。由于年龄较大的学生和有子女的学生在护理学生中占很大比例，因此找到减轻他们在教育中遇到的障碍的影响的方法非常重要。
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