工作环境中的体重偏见——一项定性综述。
Weight bias in work settings - a qualitative review.
机构信息
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, University Tübingen, Germany.
出版信息
Obes Facts. 2010 Feb;3(1):33-40. doi: 10.1159/000276992. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
BACKGROUND
Studies have repeatedly demonstrated the influence of physical appearance on behavior and treatment of individuals in work settings. A high proportion of obese individuals in the USA have reported perceived discrimination in the work place due to their body weight. The present review examines the specific kind, context and extent of a weight bias in work settings.
METHODS
We performed a literature search in the scientific databases PubMed and PsychINFO to identify studies which have investigated aspects of a potential weight bias in the occupational context.
RESULTS
There is evidence from self-report data, surveys, and laboratory research for a weight bias in five aspects of work life. Evidence shows that obesity is a general barrier to employment, certain professions and professional success. Obese individuals are at higher risk of encountering stereotypes concerning their work-related qualities and for general unequal treatment in the work place.
CONCLUSION
Current evidence reveals a weight bias in several areas in the work place. The ecological validity of results is limited due to the predominant reliance on laboratory studies with student samples. Field studies are needed to examine weight-based discrimination in actual work environments as well as to uncover underlying mechanisms.
背景
多项研究反复表明，个体的外貌会影响其在职场中的行为和待遇。在美国，相当比例的肥胖人群报告称，由于体重原因，他们在职场中受到歧视。本综述考察了职场中针对体重的偏见的具体类型、背景和程度。
方法
我们在科学数据库 PubMed 和 PsychINFO 中进行了文献检索，以确定研究肥胖人群在职业环境中潜在偏见的相关文献。
结果
来自自我报告数据、调查和实验室研究的证据表明，在工作生活的五个方面存在体重偏见。有证据表明，肥胖是就业、某些职业和职业成功的普遍障碍。肥胖个体更有可能遇到与其工作相关的特质的刻板印象，并且在工作场所受到普遍的不平等待遇。
结论
目前的证据表明职场中存在针对体重的偏见。由于主要依赖于具有学生样本的实验室研究，因此结果的生态有效性有限。需要进行实地研究，以检验实际工作环境中的基于体重的歧视，并揭示潜在机制。
Zotero 插件