Jack R L, Williams J M
Department of Social and Economic Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1991 Feb;30(1):25-35. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1991.tb00917.x.
Sixty patients who had taken an overdose of drugs within the previous 24 hours completed the Attributional Style Questionnaire and the Profile of Mood States scale. Their scores were compared with two age-matched samples: 31 medical patients and 71 non-patient controls. Overdose patients had significantly higher stable and global attributions for negative events than controls, but were no different in attribution for positive events. They were also more disturbed in their mood, but their level of mood disturbance did not correlate with levels of attribution. Thirty-two of the overdose group were followed up one week later, by which time there had been a reliable downward shift in mood. However, there was no corresponding reliable shift in attributions, which remained significantly higher than normal. These results suggest that attributions may be important in determining how self-poisoners cope with life-events, but the relationship with mood is complex; attributions are not simply mood-dependent, nor is mood level or recovery simply attribution-dependent.
60名在过去24小时内过量服药的患者完成了归因方式问卷和情绪状态剖面图量表。他们的得分与两个年龄匹配的样本进行了比较：31名内科患者和71名非患者对照。过量服药患者对负面事件的稳定和整体归因显著高于对照组，但在对正面事件的归因上没有差异。他们的情绪也更紊乱，但情绪紊乱程度与归因水平无关。对过量服药组中的32名患者进行了为期一周的随访，到那时情绪有了可靠的下降。然而，归因方面没有相应的可靠变化，仍显著高于正常水平。这些结果表明，归因在决定自我中毒者如何应对生活事件方面可能很重要，但与情绪的关系很复杂；归因不仅仅取决于情绪，情绪水平或恢复也不仅仅取决于归因。
