National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Apr 21;128(3):662-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.02.013. Epub 2010 Feb 26.
Banisteriopsis caapi, a woody vine from the Amazonian basin, is popularly known as an ingredient of a sacred drink ayahuasca, widely used throughout the Amazon as a medicinal tea for healing and spiritual exploration. The usefulness of Banisteriopsis caapi has been established for alleviating symptoms of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease.
Primary objective of this study was to develop the process for preparing standardized extracts of Banisteriopsis caapi to achieve high potency for inhibition of human monoamine oxidases (MAO) and antioxidant properties. The aqueous extracts prepared from different parts of the plant collected from different geographical locations and seasons were analyzed by HPLC for principal bioactive markers. The extracts were simultaneously tested in vitro for inhibition of human MAOs and antioxidant activity for analysis of correlation between phytochemical composition of the extracts and bioactivities.
Reversed-phase HPLC with photodiode array detection was employed to profile the alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal components of the aqueous extract of Banisteriopsis caapi. The Banisteriopsis caapi extracts and standardized compositions were tested in vitro for inhibition of recombinant preparations of human MAO-A and MAO-B. In vitro cell-based assays were employed for evaluation of antioxidant property and mammalian cell cytotoxicity of these preparations.
Among the different aerial parts, leaves, stems/large branches and stem bark of Banisteriopsis caapi, HPLC analysis revealed that most of the dominant chemical and bioactive markers (1, 2, 5, 7-9) were present in high concentrations in dried bark of large branch. A library of HPLC chromatograms has also been generated as a tool for fingerprinting and authentication of the studied Banisteriopsis caapi species. The correlation between potency of MAO inhibition and antioxidant activity with the content of the main active constituents of the aqueous Banisteriopsis caapi extracts and standardized compositions was established. Phytochemical analysis of regular/commercial Banisteriopsis caapi dried stems, obtained from different sources, showed a similar qualitative HPLC profile, but relatively low content of dominant markers 1, 2, 7, and 9, which led to decreased MAO inhibitory and antioxidant potency compared to Banisteriopsis caapi Da Vine.
The ethnopharmacological use of bark of matured stem/large branch of Banisteriopsis caapi as well as whole matured stem is supported by the results obtained in this investigation. Among various constituents of Banisteriopsis caapi, harmine (7), harmaline (6) and tetrahydroharmine (5) are responsible for MAO-A inhibition, while two major proanthocyanidines, epicatechin (8) and procyanidine B2 (9) produce antioxidant effects. The compounds 1-9 can serve as reliable markers for identification and standardization of Banisteriopsis caapi aerial parts, collected in different seasons and/or from different geographical regions.
Banisteriopsis caapi，一种来自亚马逊盆地的木本藤本植物，通常被称为神圣饮料 ayahuasca 的一种成分，在整个亚马逊地区广泛用作治疗和精神探索的药用茶。Banisteriopsis caapi 的有用性已被确定为缓解包括帕金森病在内的神经紊乱症状。
本研究的主要目的是开发制备 Banisteriopsis caapi 标准化提取物的方法，以达到对人单胺氧化酶（MAO）的高抑制作用和抗氧化特性。从不同地理位置和季节采集的植物的不同部位制备的水提取物通过 HPLC 进行分析，以确定主要生物活性标志物。同时，将提取物进行体外测试，以抑制人 MAOs 和抗氧化活性，分析提取物的植物化学成分与生物活性之间的相关性。
采用反相 HPLC 与光电二极管阵列检测相结合的方法，对 Banisteriopsis caapi 水提取物中的生物碱和非生物碱成分进行分析。对 Banisteriopsis caapi 提取物和标准化成分进行体外测试，以抑制重组人 MAO-A 和 MAO-B 制剂。采用基于细胞的体外测定法评估这些制剂的抗氧化特性和哺乳动物细胞细胞毒性。
在不同的地上部分中，Banisteriopsis caapi 的叶子、茎/大枝和茎皮中，HPLC 分析表明，大多数主要的化学和生物活性标志物（1、2、5、7-9）以高浓度存在于大枝干的干树皮中。还生成了 HPLC 色谱图库，作为研究的 Banisteriopsis caapi 物种的指纹识别和鉴定工具。已经建立了 MAO 抑制和抗氧化活性与水提 Banisteriopsis caapi 提取物和标准化成分中主要活性成分含量之间的相关性。对来自不同来源的常规/商业 Banisteriopsis caapi 干茎的植物化学分析显示出相似的定性 HPLC 图谱，但主要标志物 1、2、7 和 9 的含量相对较低，这导致 MAO 抑制和抗氧化活性降低与 Banisteriopsis caapi Da Vine 相比。
本研究结果支持成熟茎/大枝的树皮以及整个成熟茎在 Banisteriopsis caapi 成熟茎/大枝的民族药理学用途。在 Banisteriopsis caapi 的各种成分中，哈尔明（7）、哈尔马宁（6）和四氢哈尔明（5）负责 MAO-A 抑制，而两种主要的原花青素，表儿茶素（8）和原花青素 B2（9）产生抗氧化作用。化合物 1-9 可以作为鉴定和标准化 Banisteriopsis caapi 地上部分的可靠标志物，这些部分在不同季节和/或不同地理区域采集。
