Predescu Iasmina-Alexandra, Jîjie Alex-Robert, Pătraşcu Dalia, Pasc Aida-Luisa-Vanessa, Piroş Elisaveta-Ligia, Trandafirescu Cristina, Oancea Cristian, Dehelean Cristina Adriana, Moacă Elena-Alina
Discipline of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babeş" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2025 Jan 22;13(1):7. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy13010007.
The complexities surrounding the use of medications, substance abuse, and the recreational use of plants are multifaceted and warrant a comprehensive examination. This review highlights the complexities surrounding the consumption of chemical substances in excess or for non-medical purposes, obtained through legal prescriptions, over-the-counter purchases, or illicit means, with an emphasis on the predictive role of stressors and individual-level variables in the development of substance use disorders, as well as the influence of the regulatory environment on patterns of consumption. Additionally, the alarming escalation in the mortality rate associated with illicit drug and opioid overdoses is also underscored. The recreational use of prescription medications can lead to significant health risks, particularly when combined with other substances; therefore, the need for interventions and preventive measures to address substance abuse among various populations is imperative. Furthermore, novel insights on substance abuse addiction, exploring the neurobiological mechanisms underlying addiction, and discussing treatment approaches and interventions are elucidated. Advancements in technology for detecting substance abuse are also highlighted, displaying innovative tools for more effective identification and monitoring. In conclusion, the complexities of medications, substance abuse, and the recreational use of plants reveal a landscape marked by overlapping motivations and health implications. The distinction between medical and recreational use is critical for understanding user behavior and addressing public health concerns.
围绕药物使用、药物滥用和植物的娱乐性使用的复杂性是多方面的，值得进行全面审视。本综述强调了围绕通过合法处方、非处方购买或非法手段获取的化学物质过量消费或用于非医疗目的的复杂性，重点关注压力源和个体层面变量在物质使用障碍发展中的预测作用，以及监管环境对消费模式的影响。此外，还强调了与非法药物和阿片类药物过量相关的死亡率惊人上升。处方药物的娱乐性使用会导致重大健康风险，尤其是与其他物质合用时；因此，迫切需要采取干预措施和预防措施来解决不同人群中的药物滥用问题。此外，还阐述了关于药物滥用成瘾的新见解，探讨了成瘾背后的神经生物学机制，并讨论了治疗方法和干预措施。还强调了检测药物滥用的技术进步，展示了用于更有效识别和监测的创新工具。总之，药物、药物滥用和植物娱乐性使用的复杂性揭示了一个动机和健康影响相互重叠的局面。医疗用途和娱乐用途之间的区别对于理解用户行为和解决公共卫生问题至关重要。
