Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010 Jun;298(6):R1449-67. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00130.2010. Epub 2010 Mar 10.
Walter B. Cannon's research on the sympathetic nervous system and neurochemical transmission was pioneering. Wisdom has endowed our body with a powerful autonomic neural regulation of the circulation that provides optimal perfusion of every organ in accordance to its metabolic needs. Exquisite sensors tuned to an optimal internal environment trigger central and peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic motor neurons and allow desirable and beneficial adjustments to physiologic needs as well as to acute cardiovascular stresses. This short review, presented as The Walter B. Cannon Memorial Award Lecture for 2009, addresses the mechanisms that disrupt sensory signaling and result in a chronic maladjustment of the autonomic neural output that in many cardiovascular diseases results in excessive increases in the risks of dying. The hopes for any reduction of those risks resides in an understanding of the molecular determinants of neuronal signaling.
沃尔特·B·坎农（Walter B. Cannon）关于交感神经系统和神经化学传递的研究具有开拓性。智慧赋予了我们身体一种强大的自主神经循环调节，根据每个器官的代谢需求，为其提供最佳的灌注。精密的传感器能够精确调节最佳的内部环境，从而触发中枢和外周交感神经和副交感运动神经元，允许对生理需求以及急性心血管应激进行理想和有益的调节。这篇简短的综述作为 2009 年沃尔特·B·坎农纪念奖演讲发表，探讨了破坏感觉信号的机制，以及导致自主神经输出慢性失调的机制，在许多心血管疾病中，这种失调会导致死亡风险过度增加。减少这些风险的希望在于对神经元信号分子决定因素的理解。
