Ridpath Julia F, Fulton Robert W, Kirkland Peter D, Neill John D
Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2010 Mar;22(2):184-91. doi: 10.1177/104063871002200203.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is divided into 2 different species within the Pestivirus genus, BVDV type 1 (BVDV-1) and BVDV type 2 (BVDV-2). Further phylogenetic analysis has revealed subgenotype groupings within the 2 types. Thus far, 12 BVDV-1 subgenotypes (a-l) and 2 BVDV-2 subgenotypes (a and b) have been identified. The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence of BVDV subgenotypes in the United States and Australia and to determine if there are detectable antigenic differences between the prevalent subgenotypes. To determine prevalence, phylogenetic analysis was performed on 2 blinded panels of isolates consisting of 351 viral isolates provided by the Elizabeth Macarthur Laboratory, New South Wales, and 514 viral isolates provided by Oklahoma State University. Differences were observed in the prevalence of BVDV subgenotypes between the United States (BVDV-1b most prevalent subgenotype) and Australia (BVDV-1c most prevalent subgenotype). To examine antigenic differences between the subgenotypes identified in samples from the United States and Australia, polyclonal antisera was produced in goats by exposing them at 3-week intervals to 2 noncytopathic and 1 cytopathic strain of either BVDV-1a, BVDV-1b, BVDV-1c, BVDV-2a, or Border disease virus (BDV). Virus neutralization (VN) assays were then performed against 3 viruses from each of the 5 subgenotypes. Comparison of VN results suggests that there are antigenic differences between BVDV strains belonging to different subgenotypes. The present study establishes a foundation for further studies examining whether vaccine protection can be improved by basing vaccines on the BVDV subgenotypes prevalent in the region in which the vaccine is to be used.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）在瘟病毒属内分为2个不同的种，即1型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV-1）和2型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV-2）。进一步的系统发育分析揭示了这2种类型内的亚基因型分组。迄今为止，已鉴定出12种BVDV-1亚基因型（a - l）和2种BVDV-2亚基因型（a和b）。本研究的目的是确定美国和澳大利亚BVDV亚基因型的流行情况，并确定流行的亚基因型之间是否存在可检测到的抗原差异。为了确定流行情况，对2组盲法分离株进行了系统发育分析，其中一组由新南威尔士州伊丽莎白·麦克阿瑟实验室提供的351株病毒分离株组成，另一组由俄克拉荷马州立大学提供的514株病毒分离株组成。在美国（BVDV-1b是最流行的亚基因型）和澳大利亚（BVDV-1c是最流行的亚基因型）之间观察到BVDV亚基因型流行情况的差异。为了检测在美国和澳大利亚样本中鉴定出的亚基因型之间的抗原差异，通过每隔3周用2种非细胞病变型和1种细胞病变型的BVDV-1a、BVDV-1b、BVDV-1c、BVDV-2a或边境病病毒（BDV）毒株免疫山羊来制备多克隆抗血清。然后针对5种亚基因型中的每种亚基因型的3种病毒进行病毒中和（VN）试验。VN结果的比较表明，属于不同亚基因型的BVDV毒株之间存在抗原差异。本研究为进一步研究基于疫苗使用地区流行的BVDV亚基因型来改进疫苗保护是否可行奠定了基础。
