Rapoza P A, West S K, Katala S J, Taylor H R
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Int Ophthalmol. 1991 Mar;15(2):123-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00224465.
A population-based survey of the prevalence of major blinding disorders was conducted in three villages in central Tanzania. Overall, 1827 people over the age of seven years old were examined. In those age seven and older, the prevalence of bilateral blindness (visual acuity in the better eye of less than 3/60) was 1.26% and monocular blindness (visual acuity of less than 3/60 in one eye) was 4.32% and the prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity less than 6/18 but greater than or equal to 3/60 in both eyes was 1.04% and in one eye was 1.75%. Corneal opacities were responsible for 44% of bilateral and 39% of monocular blindness and resulted from trachoma, measles often in association with Vitamin A deficiency, keratoconjunctivitis, and the use of traditional eye medicines. Cataracts accounted for 22% of bilateral and 6% of monocular blindness. Readily preventable or reversible causes of blindness were responsible for 65% of cases of bilateral and 46% of monocular blindness.
在坦桑尼亚中部的三个村庄开展了一项基于人群的主要致盲性疾病患病率调查。总体而言，对1827名7岁以上人群进行了检查。在7岁及以上人群中，双眼盲（较好眼视力低于3/60）的患病率为1.26%，单眼盲（一只眼视力低于3/60）的患病率为4.32%，视力损害（双眼视力低于6/18但大于或等于3/60）的患病率为1.04%，单眼视力损害患病率为1.75%。角膜混浊导致了44%的双眼盲和39%的单眼盲，其病因包括沙眼、通常与维生素A缺乏相关的麻疹、角结膜炎以及使用传统眼药。白内障导致了22%的双眼盲和6%的单眼盲。易于预防或可逆的致盲原因导致了65%的双眼盲病例和46%的单眼盲病例。
