Adejuwon G A
Psychology Department, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Universiy of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2009 Jun;38 Suppl 2:21-9.
Tobacco smoking and secondhand smoke constitute overwhelmingly the most significant risk factor for premature preventable deaths from cancer and across the board for chronic diseases in Nigeria. This paper reviews the tobacco policy in Nigeria and the risk factors for initiation and addiction to tobacco use among youths and young adults. Electronic databases and selected articles about tobacco use, second hand smoke were searched. Tobacco use alone is currently ranked fourth in the world in its contribution to years of life lost. Current estimates of tobacco epidemic show that 22.6% males and 11.2 females of Nigerian adolescents (13-5 years old) are smokers while 18.1% of both sexes smoke cigarette. In Cross River State, (N=2049), 34.8% adolescents live in homes where others smoke while 49.1% are around others who smoke in places outside their homes. Increase in the prevalence of the leading causes of death such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, trachea, bronchus, lung cancer and related diseases have been associated with increase in tobacco use and exposure to second hand smoke. Tobacco epidemic and exposure to second hand smoke in Nigeria have been associated with increase in the prevalence of many diseases some of which are the leading causes of preventable death. The implications for collaborative research and multilevel tobacco control strategies were discussed and recommendations made.
吸烟和二手烟无疑是尼日利亚癌症导致过早可预防死亡以及各类慢性疾病的最主要风险因素。本文回顾了尼日利亚的烟草政策以及青少年和青年成年人开始吸烟及吸烟成瘾的风险因素。检索了电子数据库以及有关烟草使用、二手烟的选定文章。仅烟草使用对寿命损失年数的贡献目前在世界上排名第四。目前对烟草流行情况的估计表明，尼日利亚青少年（13至15岁）中有22.6%的男性和11.2%的女性吸烟，而18.1%的青少年男女都吸卷烟。在克罗斯河州（样本量N = 2049），34.8%的青少年生活在有他人吸烟的家庭中，而49.1%的青少年在家庭以外的地方会接触到吸烟的人。诸如慢性阻塞性肺疾病、气管、支气管、肺癌及相关疾病等主要死因的患病率上升与烟草使用增加和接触二手烟有关。尼日利亚的烟草流行和接触二手烟与许多疾病的患病率上升有关，其中一些是可预防死亡的主要原因。文中讨论了合作研究和多层次烟草控制策略的意义并提出了建议。
