Chockalingam Kolappan, Vedhachalam Chandrasekaran, Rangasamy Subramani, Sekar Gomathi, Adinarayanan Srividya, Swaminathan Soumya, Menon Pradeep Aravindan
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.
PLoS One. 2013 Oct 1;8(10):e76005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076005. eCollection 2013.
Tobacco use leads to many health complications and is a risk factor for the occurrence of cardio vascular diseases, lung and oral cancers, chronic bronchitis etc. Almost 6 million people die from tobacco-related causes every year. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of tobacco use in three different areas around Chennai city, south India.
A survey of 7510 individuals aged > = 15 years was undertaken covering Chennai city (urban), Ambattur (semi-urban) and Sriperumbudur (rural) taluk. Details on tobacco use were collected using a questionnaire adapted from both Global Youth Tobacco Survey and Global Adults Tobacco Survey.
The overall prevalence of tobacco use was significantly higher in the rural (23.7%) compared to semi-urban (20.9%) and urban (19.4%) areas (P value <0.001) Tobacco smoking prevalence was 14.3%, 13.9% and 12.4% in rural, semi-urban and urban areas respectively. The corresponding values for smokeless tobacco use were 9.5%, 7.0% and 7.0% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of using tobacco (with smoke or smokeless forms) was significantly higher among males, older individuals, alcoholics, in rural areas and slum localities. Behavioural pattern analysis of current tobacco users led to three groups (1) those who were not reached by family or friends to advice on harmful effects (2) those who were well aware of harmful effects of tobacco and even want to quit and (3) those are exposed to second hand/passive smoking at home and outside.
Tobacco use prevalence was significantly higher in rural areas, slum dwellers, males and older age groups in this region of south India. Women used mainly smokeless tobacco. Tobacco control programmes need to develop strategies to address the different subgroups among tobacco users. Public health facilities need to expand smoking cessation counseling services as well as provide pharmacotherapy where necessary.
烟草使用会引发许多健康问题，是心血管疾病、肺癌、口腔癌、慢性支气管炎等疾病发生的危险因素。每年约有600万人死于与烟草相关的原因。本研究旨在测量印度南部钦奈市周边三个不同地区的烟草使用流行率。
对7510名年龄≥15岁的个体进行了调查，涵盖钦奈市（城市）、安巴图尔（半城市）和斯里佩鲁布杜尔（农村）行政区。使用一份改编自全球青少年烟草调查和全球成人烟草调查的问卷收集烟草使用的详细信息。
农村地区（23.7%）的烟草使用总体流行率显著高于半城市地区（20.9%）和城市地区（19.4%）（P值<0.001）。农村、半城市和城市地区的吸烟流行率分别为14.3%、13.9%和12.4%。无烟烟草使用的相应比例分别为9.5%、7.0%和7.0%。逻辑回归分析表明，男性、老年人、酗酒者、农村地区和贫民窟居民使用烟草（吸烟或无烟形式）的几率显著更高。对当前烟草使用者的行为模式分析得出三组：（1）未得到家人或朋友关于有害影响建议的人；（2）深知烟草有害影响甚至想戒烟的人；（3）在家中和户外接触二手烟/被动吸烟的人。
在印度南部该地区，农村地区、贫民窟居民、男性和老年人群体的烟草使用流行率显著更高。女性主要使用无烟烟草。烟草控制项目需要制定策略来应对烟草使用者中的不同亚组。公共卫生机构需要扩大戒烟咨询服务，并在必要时提供药物治疗。
