Murakami M, Yamamoto H, Ueda Y, Murakami K, Yamauchi K
Department of Paediatrics, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Pediatr Nephrol. 1991 Jan;5(1):50-3. doi: 10.1007/BF00852844.
The School Health Law of Japan was passed in 1974 mandating urine screening of elementary and junior high-school students for the detection of renal disease. A first morning urine was obtained on an annual basis for each individual student for the time period 1974-1986. The prevalence of proteinuria and haematuria among elementary school children was 0.08% and 0.54%, respectively, while junior high-school students demonstrated corresponding prevalences of 0.37% and 0.94%. The theoretical merits of this screening programme include the detection of glomerulonephritis with possible early therapeutic intervention. However, a limitation to this approach is its over-sensitivity where asymptomatic urine abnormalities is found to be 10 times greater in frequency than glomerulonephritis histologically.
日本《学校健康法》于1974年通过，规定对中小学生进行尿液筛查以检测肾脏疾病。在1974年至1986年期间，每年为每个学生采集首次晨尿。小学生中蛋白尿和血尿的患病率分别为0.08%和0.54%，而初中生的相应患病率为0.37%和0.94%。该筛查计划的理论优点包括检测肾小球肾炎并可能进行早期治疗干预。然而，这种方法的一个局限性是其过度敏感，发现无症状尿液异常的频率在组织学上比肾小球肾炎高10倍。
