Hurwitz B E, Dietrich W D, McCabe P M, Alonso O, Watson B D, Ginsberg M D, Schneiderman N
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124.
Stroke. 1991 May;22(5):648-54. doi: 10.1161/01.str.22.5.648.
The present studies were undertaken to examine 1) whether d-amphetamine sulfate administered to rats well after thrombotic infarction of the vibrissal cortical barrel-field within the primary somatosensory cortex affected the rate and completeness of behavioral recovery and 2) whether a dose-response relation exists between d-amphetamine sulfate dose and recovery of function. In a learning task requiring sensory-motor integration, 41 rats were trained to perform a motor response in a T-maze consequent to the detection of a vibrissal deflection cue. Once training was complete, unilateral (n = 29) or sham (n = 12) infarction was produced by a noninvasive photochemical technique. After infarction, T-maze performance was assessed repeatedly in rats receiving 2 (n = 10) or 4 (n = 10) mg/kg d-amphetamine sulfate or saline (n = 9) 24 hours prior to testing on days 4, 6, 9, and 11. The sham-operated control rats received d-amphetamine sulfate (n = 7) or no injections (n = 5). All three infarcted groups displayed a reliable and sustained behavioral deficit in performance that was not present in the sham-operated control animals. Although the performance of each infarcted group improved over the testing sessions after the first injection, the amphetamine-treated groups improved at a faster rate than the saline-injected group. The results further demonstrated a dose-response effect, with the 4 mg/kg amphetamine group recovering to within preinfarction levels 6-8 days earlier than the 2 mg/kg amphetamine and saline-injected groups. Moreover, both amphetamine-treated groups recovered more completely than the saline-injected group. Quantification of the chronic infarct area revealed no differences among the amphetamine-treated and saline-injected groups. These data provide further evidence of the facilitatory effect of d-amphetamine sulfate on recovery from brain injury and extend this effect to the enhancement of recovery subsequent to thrombotic infarction of the primary somatosensory cortex.
1）在大鼠初级体感皮层内触须皮质桶状区血栓形成性梗死很久之后给予硫酸右旋苯丙胺，是否会影响行为恢复的速度和完整性；2）硫酸右旋苯丙胺剂量与功能恢复之间是否存在剂量-反应关系。在一项需要感觉运动整合的学习任务中，41只大鼠接受训练，以便在检测到触须偏转提示后在T型迷宫中做出运动反应。训练完成后，采用非侵入性光化学技术造成单侧梗死（n = 29）或假手术（n = 12）。梗死形成后，在第4、6、9和11天测试前24小时，对接受2（n = 10）或4（n = 10）mg/kg硫酸右旋苯丙胺或生理盐水（n = 9）的大鼠重复评估T型迷宫表现。假手术对照大鼠接受硫酸右旋苯丙胺（n = 7）或不注射（n = 5）。所有三个梗死组在表现上均显示出可靠且持续的行为缺陷，而假手术对照动物则没有。尽管每个梗死组的表现在首次注射后的测试期间有所改善，但苯丙胺治疗组的改善速度比生理盐水注射组更快。结果进一步证明了剂量-反应效应，4 mg/kg苯丙胺组比2 mg/kg苯丙胺和生理盐水注射组提前6 - 8天恢复到梗死前水平。此外，两个苯丙胺治疗组的恢复都比生理盐水注射组更完全。对慢性梗死面积的定量分析显示，苯丙胺治疗组和生理盐水注射组之间没有差异。这些数据进一步证明了硫酸右旋苯丙胺对脑损伤恢复的促进作用，并将这种作用扩展到原发性体感皮层血栓形成性梗死后恢复的增强。
