Takano-Yamamoto T, Soma S, Nakagawa K, Kobayashi Y, Kawakami M, Sakuda M
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991 May;99(5):448-55. doi: 10.1016/S0889-5406(05)81578-1.
We have developed a simple in vitro model whereby precise quantities of compressive force can be applied to cultured chondrocytes from craniofacial cartilage: mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC), nasal septal cartilage (NSC), and spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS). Using this model, we found that hydrostatic compressive force stimulated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, a cartilage phenotype, in MCC and SOS chondrocytes and DNA synthesis in MCC, NSC, and SOS chondrocytes. These stimulations were dependent on force magnitude and duration, reaching maximal GAG synthesis at 27 hours and maximal DNA synthesis at 20 hours after application of force. The maximal increase of GAG synthesis induced by compressive force was about 60% at 100 gm/cm2 for 5 minutes in nonstimulated MCC chondrocytes and 40% at 50 gm/cm2 for 1 minute in nonstimulated SOS chondrocytes. The maximal increase in DNA synthesis, produced by a compressive force of 50 gm/cm2 for 1 minute, was 50% in NSC chondrocytes, 50% in SOS chondrocytes, and 30% in MCC chondrocytes. There was no stimulation of GAG synthesis in NSC chondrocytes. These observations suggest that extrinsic force regulates craniofacial growth by controlling the differentiation and proliferation of chondrocytes in the craniofacial skeleton and that the difference in their responses to compressive force may reflect differences in the characteristics of these cells and their physiologic function in vivo.
我们开发了一种简单的体外模型，通过该模型可以对来自颅面软骨的培养软骨细胞施加精确数量的压缩力：下颌髁突软骨（MCC）、鼻中隔软骨（NSC）和蝶枕软骨结合（SOS）。使用该模型，我们发现静水压力刺激了MCC和SOS软骨细胞中糖胺聚糖（GAG）的合成，这是一种软骨表型，同时刺激了MCC、NSC和SOS软骨细胞中的DNA合成。这些刺激取决于力的大小和持续时间，在施加力后27小时达到最大GAG合成，在20小时达到最大DNA合成。在未刺激的MCC软骨细胞中，100 gm/cm2持续5分钟的压缩力诱导的GAG合成最大增加约60%，在未刺激的SOS软骨细胞中，50 gm/cm2持续1分钟的压缩力诱导的GAG合成最大增加40%。50 gm/cm2持续1分钟的压缩力产生的DNA合成最大增加在NSC软骨细胞中为50%，在SOS软骨细胞中为50%，在MCC软骨细胞中为30%。NSC软骨细胞中的GAG合成未受到刺激。这些观察结果表明，外力通过控制颅面骨骼中软骨细胞的分化和增殖来调节颅面生长，并且它们对压缩力反应的差异可能反映了这些细胞的特征及其在体内生理功能的差异。
