Payment P, Richardson L, Siemiatycki J, Dewar R, Edwardes M, Franco E
Centre de recherche en virologie, Institute Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jun;81(6):703-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.81.6.703.
This project directly and empirically measured the level of gastrointestinal (GI) illness related to the consumption of tapwater prepared from sewage-contaminated surface waters and meeting current water quality criteria.
A randomized intervention trial was carried out; 299 eligible households were supplied with domestic water filters (reverse-osmosis) that eliminate microbial and chemical contaminants from their water, and 307 households were left with their usual tapwater without a filter. The GI symptomatology was evaluated by means of a family health diary maintained prospectively by all study families over a 15-month period.
The estimated annual incidence of GI illness was 0.76 among tapwater drinkers compared with 0.50 among filtered water drinkers (p less than 0.01). These findings were consistently observed in all population subgroups.
It is estimated that 35% of the reported GI illnesses among the tapwater drinkers were water-related and preventable. Our results raise questions about the adequacy of current standards of drinking water quality to prevent water-borne endemic gastrointestinal illness.
本项目直接通过实证测量了与饮用由受污水污染的地表水制备且符合现行水质标准的自来水相关的胃肠道（GI）疾病水平。
开展了一项随机干预试验；为299户符合条件的家庭提供了家用滤水器（反渗透），以去除水中的微生物和化学污染物，307户家庭则继续使用未经过滤的普通自来水。通过所有研究家庭在15个月期间前瞻性记录的家庭健康日记来评估胃肠道症状。
自来水饮用者中胃肠道疾病的估计年发病率为0.76，而滤水饮用者为0.50（p<0.01）。在所有人群亚组中均一致观察到这些结果。
据估计，自来水饮用者中报告的胃肠道疾病有35%与水有关且可预防。我们的结果对现行饮用水质量标准预防水源性地方性胃肠道疾病的充分性提出了质疑。
