Olson D K, Sax L, Gunderson P, Sioris L
Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jun;81(6):750-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.81.6.750.
The purpose of this study is to describe pesticide exposure in the population of callers to Minnesota Regional Poison Centers. Case files from 1988 reporting pesticide exposure to humans were identified in cooperation with the Minnesota Center for Health Statistics. Data analysis was conducted by computer using SAS statistical package. Of the 1,428 case files indicating pesticide as the primary substance of exposure to Minnesota residents, a mean age of 5 years (range, one month to 85 years) was identified; 50 percent of all cases were below age 3 years. Males accounted for 1.3 times as many cases as females. Insecticide was identified in the largest percentage of case files (74 percent) followed by herbicide (12 percent), rodenticide (11 percent) and fungicide-nonmedicinal (3 percent). Ingestion was the most common route of exposure; 85 percent of all calls originated from a residence. While insecticides are still the most common types of pesticide call, herbicide has surpassed insecticide in production and sales in the US. In this study, herbicide type exposure calls present a much different picture than other pesticide types. The usefulness of poison control centers for examination of pesticide poisoning is explored. Since reporting occurs coincidental with the exposure and its associated symptoms, each pesticide poisoning report could potentially serve as a true sentinel health event.
本研究的目的是描述拨打明尼苏达地区中毒控制中心电话的人群中的农药暴露情况。与明尼苏达健康统计中心合作,识别了1988年报告的人类农药暴露病例档案。使用SAS统计软件包通过计算机进行数据分析。在表明农药是明尼苏达居民主要暴露物质的1428份病例档案中,确定平均年龄为5岁(范围为1个月至85岁);所有病例的50%年龄在3岁以下。男性病例数是女性的1.3倍。病例档案中杀虫剂的比例最高(74%),其次是除草剂(12%)、杀鼠剂(11%)和非药用杀真菌剂(3%)。摄入是最常见的暴露途径;所有电话的85%来自居民住宅。虽然杀虫剂仍然是最常见的农药求助类型,但在美国,除草剂在产量和销量上已经超过了杀虫剂。在本研究中,除草剂类暴露求助与其他农药类型呈现出截然不同的情况。探讨了中毒控制中心在农药中毒检查方面的作用。由于报告与暴露及其相关症状同时发生,每份农药中毒报告都有可能成为一个真正的哨兵健康事件。