Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea.
Chemosphere. 2010 Apr;79(7):733-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.02.043. Epub 2010 Mar 17.
Despite several studies that report accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT in marine mammals worldwide, very few have examined polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like PCBs. In particular, no earlier studies have reported concentrations and accumulation profiles of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in marine mammals from Korea. In this study, concentrations and accumulation features of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs were measured in liver and blubber of minke whales and long-beaked common dolphins collected from Korean coastal waters. The concentrations of PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in blubber were 3-10 times higher than the concentrations measured in liver, but PCDDs were higher in liver than blubber. Total toxic equivalent (TEQ) concentrations in blubber of minke whales and common dolphins from Korean coastal waters were similar to, or higher than those reported for cetaceans and seals from other countries. Homologue and congener profiles of PCDD/Fs were different between livers and blubbers, while the profiles of dioxin-like PCBs were similar between the tissues. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in liver and blubber of dolphins were significantly higher than those measured in whales, due to differences in habitat and diet. The relative contribution of individual chemical groups to total TEQs was different between the two cetacean species, suggesting different exposures and metabolic activity. The TEQ levels in minke whales did not exceed the threshold level suggested for immunomodulation, while TEQs in all dolphin samples exceeded the suggested threshold level, implying potential adverse health effects from exposure to PCDD/Fs and PCBs.
尽管有几项研究报告称，在全球范围内，海洋哺乳动物体内蓄积了多氯联苯（PCBs）和滴滴涕（DDT），但很少有研究检测过多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）和类似二恶英的多氯联苯。特别是，以前没有研究报告过韩国海洋哺乳动物体内持久性有机污染物（POPs）的浓度和积累情况。在这项研究中，测量了从韩国沿海水域采集的小须鲸和长喙真海豚的肝脏和鲸脂中 PCDD/Fs 和类似二恶英的多氯联苯的浓度和积累特征。鲸脂中的 PCDFs 和类似二恶英的多氯联苯浓度比肝脏中的浓度高 3-10 倍，但 PCDDs 在肝脏中的浓度高于鲸脂。韩国沿海水域小须鲸和长喙真海豚鲸脂中的总毒性当量（TEQ）浓度与其他国家的鲸类和海豹相似或更高。肝脏和鲸脂中 PCDD/Fs 的同系物和同系物分布不同，而类似二恶英的多氯联苯的分布在组织之间相似。海豚肝脏和鲸脂中的 PCDD/Fs 和类似二恶英的多氯联苯浓度明显高于鲸鱼，这是由于栖息地和饮食的差异所致。两种鲸类物种组织中个别化学物质组对总 TEQ 的相对贡献不同，表明暴露和代谢活性不同。小须鲸的 TEQ 水平未超过建议的免疫调节阈值水平，而所有海豚样本的 TEQ 均超过了建议的阈值水平，这意味着接触 PCDD/Fs 和多氯联苯可能对健康产生不利影响。
