Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.
Appetite. 2010 Aug;55(1):37-43. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.03.009. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may be one of the dietary causes of metabolic disorders, such as obesity. Therefore, substituting sugar with low calorie sweeteners may be an efficacious weight management strategy. We tested the effect of preloads containing stevia, aspartame, or sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels.
19 healthy lean (BMI=20.0-24.9) and 12 obese (BMI=30.0-39.9) individuals 18-50 years old completed three separate food test days during which they received preloads containing stevia (290kcal), aspartame (290kcal), or sucrose (493kcal) before the lunch and dinner meal. The preload order was balanced, and food intake (kcal) was directly calculated. Hunger and satiety levels were reported before and after meals, and every hour throughout the afternoon. Participants provided blood samples immediately before and 20min after the lunch preload. Despite the caloric difference in preloads (290kcal vs. 493kcal), participants did not compensate by eating more at their lunch and dinner meals when they consumed stevia and aspartame versus sucrose in preloads (mean differences in food intake over entire day between sucrose and stevia=301kcal, p<.01; aspartame=330kcal, p<.01). Self-reported hunger and satiety levels did not differ by condition. Stevia preloads significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels compared to sucrose preloads (p<.01), and postprandial insulin levels compared to both aspartame and sucrose preloads (p<.05). When consuming stevia and aspartame preloads, participants did not compensate by eating more at either their lunch or dinner meal and reported similar levels of satiety compared to when they consumed the higher calorie sucrose preload.
摄入含糖饮料可能是导致代谢紊乱（如肥胖）的饮食原因之一。因此，用低热量甜味剂代替糖可能是一种有效的体重管理策略。我们测试了含有甜菊糖、阿斯巴甜或蔗糖的预加载物对食物摄入、饱腹感和餐后血糖及胰岛素水平的影响。
19 名健康的瘦人（BMI=20.0-24.9）和 12 名肥胖者（BMI=30.0-39.9）年龄在 18-50 岁之间，在三天的单独饮食测试中，他们在午餐和晚餐前分别摄入了含有甜菊糖（290kcal）、阿斯巴甜（290kcal）或蔗糖（493kcal）的预加载物。预加载物的顺序是平衡的，食物摄入量（千卡）是直接计算的。用餐前后及下午每小时报告饥饿感和饱腹感。参与者在午餐预加载前和 20 分钟后立即提供血液样本。尽管预加载物的热量不同（290kcal 与 493kcal），但当参与者摄入甜菊糖和阿斯巴甜预加载物而不是蔗糖预加载物时，他们并没有通过在午餐和晚餐时多吃来补偿（全天食物摄入量的平均差异在蔗糖和甜菊糖之间为 301kcal，p<.01；阿斯巴甜为 330kcal，p<.01）。自我报告的饥饿感和饱腹感不因条件而异。与蔗糖预加载物相比，甜菊糖预加载物显著降低了餐后血糖水平（p<.01），与阿斯巴甜和蔗糖预加载物相比，餐后胰岛素水平也显著降低（p<.05）。当参与者摄入甜菊糖和阿斯巴甜预加载物时，他们并没有在午餐或晚餐时多吃来补偿，与摄入高卡路里蔗糖预加载物相比，他们报告的饱腹感相似。
