Begum Rukaiah Fatma, Nirenjen S, Rushendran Rapuru, Manisha M, Pavithra N, Sridevi S, Singh S Ankul
Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Front Nutr. 2025 Aug 12;12:1587690. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1587690. eCollection 2025.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism, has emerged as a significant global health challenge. Effective management of diabetes encompasses not only medical interventions but also lifestyle and dietary modifications. Artificial sweeteners (ASs), due to their low caloric content and minimal impact on blood glucose levels, offer promising potential as sugar substitutes for individuals aiming to manage glycemic control. Compounds such as aspartame, sucralose, and stevia mimic the sweetness of sugar without causing hyperglycemia, making them suitable for diabetic patients. This chapter explores the role of ASs in diabetes management, with a special focus on their mechanisms of action, including modulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. An extensive review of preclinical and clinical studies evaluates the efficacy, safety, and long-term effects of ASs in glycemic control, highlighting their ability to reduce caloric intake, promote satiety, and support glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in individuals with diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that ASs may influence gut microbiota, potentially affecting metabolic outcomes and insulin sensitivity, thus presenting opportunities for personalized interventions. Despite their benefits, awareness of potential risks, such as altered taste perception and over-reliance on ASs, is crucial. Integrating ASs within a broader lifestyle approach, comprising regular exercise and balanced nutrition, ensures optimal outcomes in diabetes management. This chapter emphasizes the importance of precision medicine in tailoring AS use to individual metabolic responses, underscoring its role as an adjunct to comprehensive diabetes care strategies.
糖尿病（DM）是一种以葡萄糖代谢受损为特征的慢性代谢紊乱疾病，已成为全球重大的健康挑战。糖尿病的有效管理不仅包括医学干预，还包括生活方式和饮食调整。人工甜味剂（ASs）由于其低热量含量以及对血糖水平的影响极小，对于旨在控制血糖的个体而言，作为糖替代品具有广阔的潜力。诸如阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖和甜叶菊等化合物能够模拟糖的甜味而不会导致血糖过高，使其适用于糖尿病患者。本章探讨了人工甜味剂在糖尿病管理中的作用，特别关注其作用机制，包括对胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖代谢的调节。对临床前和临床研究的广泛综述评估了人工甜味剂在血糖控制方面的疗效、安全性和长期影响，突出了它们在减少热量摄入、促进饱腹感以及支持糖尿病患者血糖控制和胰岛素敏感性方面的能力。新出现的证据表明，人工甜味剂可能会影响肠道微生物群，潜在地影响代谢结果和胰岛素敏感性，从而为个性化干预提供了机会。尽管它们有诸多益处，但认识到潜在风险，如味觉改变和对人工甜味剂的过度依赖，至关重要。将人工甜味剂纳入包括定期锻炼和均衡营养在内的更广泛生活方式方法中，可确保糖尿病管理取得最佳效果。本章强调精准医学在根据个体代谢反应调整人工甜味剂使用方面的重要性，突显其作为综合糖尿病护理策略辅助手段的作用。
